Research Article
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The Direct and Indirect Effects of Positive Future Expectations on Psychological Well-Being of College Students: Quiet Ego as A Mediator

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: Education Special Issue, 185 - 207, 28.09.2023

Duygu Dinçer Nur Akbulut Kılıçoğlu

https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1358124

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the associations between positive future expectations, quiet ego, and psychological well-being among college students. It was hypothesized that there would be direct and indirect effects of positive future expectations on psychological well-being through quiet ego. The data was gathered from a sample consisting of 250 college students. Participants completed several instruments, namely, the Positive Future Expectation Scale, the Quiet Ego Scale, the Flourishing Scale, and the demographic information form. The analyses revealed that there is a significant direct effect of positive future expectations on psychological wellbeing. It was also found that there is a significant indirect effect of positive future expectations on psychological wellbeing via quiet ego. The obtained findings were discussed within the context of existing research. This study contributes to the expanding body of literature on psychological well-being by demonstrating that the quiet ego serves as a factor in explaining how positive future expectations are connected to psychological well-being.

Keywords

Positive future expectations quiet ego psychological well-being students college

References

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Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: Education Special Issue, 185 - 207, 28.09.2023

Duygu Dinçer Nur Akbulut Kılıçoğlu

https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1358124

Abstract

References

  • Akça, E. (2014). Personality and cultural predictors of the quiet ego: Comparing Turkey and the United States (Publication No. 379945) [Master’s thesis, Middle East Technical University]. The Council of Higher Education of Turkey, Thesis Center.
  • Arnett, J. J., Žukauskienė, R., & Sugimura, K. (2014). The new life stage of emerging adulthood at ages 18–29 years: Implications for mental health. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(7), 569–576. https://doi.org/10. 1016/S2215-0366(14)00080-7.
  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Lykins, E., Button, D., Krietemeyer, J., & Sauer, S. (2008). Construct validity of the five-facet mindfulness questionnaire in meditating and non-meditating samples. Assessment, 15(3), 329–342. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107313003
  • Bauer, J. J., & Wayment, H. A. (2008). The psychology of the quiet ego. In H. A. Wayment & J. J. Bauer (Eds.), Transcending self-interest: Psychological explorations of the quiet ego (pp. 7–19). American Psychological Association.
  • Bauer, J. J., Park, S. W., Montoya, R. M., & Wayment, H. A. (2015). Growth motivation toward two paths of eudaimonic self-development. Journal of Happiness Studies: An Interdisciplinary Forum on Subjective Well-Being, 16(1), 185–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9504-9
  • Bradburn, N. M. (1969). The structure of psychological well-being. Aldine.
  • Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(4), 822–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
  • Brown, K. W., Ryan, R. M., & Creswell, J. D. (2007). Mindfulness: Theoretical foundations and evidence for its salutary effects. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 211–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598298
  • Brunt, B. V., (2010). The preparation and role of college counselors. Professional Counseling Digest, ACAPCD-36, 1–2. American Counseling Association.
  • Çalışkan, S., & Dilmaç, B. (2021). Predictive relationships between adolescents’ future expectation, hope and psychological well-being. Necmettin Erbakan University Ereğli Faculty of Education Journal, 3(2), 131–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.51119/ereegf.202216
  • Campbell, J. D., Trapnell, P. D., Heine, S. J., Katz, I. M., Lavallee, L. F., & Lehman, D. R. (1996). Self-concept clarity: Measurement, personality correlates, and cultural boundaries. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.1.141
  • Çevik, V. A., & Öneren, M. (2019). Determination of job search worry level of associate degree students. ETU Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 8, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29157/etusbe.65
  • Çiçek, B., & Almalı, V. (2020). The relationship between anxiety self-efficacy and psychological well-being during Covid-19 pandemic process: Comparison of private and public sector employees. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4), 241–260. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.43492
  • Creswell, J. W. (2011). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (4th edition). Pearson.
  • Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1037/ 0022-3514.44.1.113
  • DeNeve, K. M., & Cooper, H. (1998). The happy personality: A meta-analysis of 137 personality traits and subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 197–229. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.197
  • Deniz, M., Erus, S., & Büyükcebeci, A. (2017). Relationship between mindfulness and psychological well-being: the mediating role of emotional intelligence. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 7(47), 17–31.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
  • Diener, E., Wirtz, D., Biswas-Diener, R., Tov, W., Kim-Prieto, C., Choi, D. W., & Oishi, S. (2009). New measures of well-being. In E. Diener (Eds.), Assessing well-being: The collected works of Ed Diener (pp. 247–266). Springer Science+Business Media.
  • Doğan, T. (2006). The investigation of the wellness of university students. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 30, 120–129.
  • Ehtiyar, R. V., Ersoy, A., Akgün, A., & Karapınar, E. (2017). The impact of university students’ future attitudes and positive future expectations on psychological wellness situations. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 7(2), 251–262. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2017.361
  • Emmons, R. A., & McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377–389. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.377
  • Eryılmaz, A. (2011). The relationship between adolescents’ subjective well-being and positive expectations towards the future. Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 24(3), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.5350/dajpn2011240306
  • Fu, F., & Chow, A. (2016). Traumatic exposure and psychological well-being: The moderating role of cognitive flexibility. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 22(1), 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2016.1161428
  • Gilbert, P. (2009). The compassionate mind. New Harbinger Publications, Inc.
  • Hamarta, E., Özyeşil, Z., Deniz, M. E., & Dilmaç, B. (2013). The prediction level of mindfulness and locus of control on subjective well-being. International Journal of Academic Research, 5(2), 145–150. https://doi.org/10.7813/2075-4124.2013/5-2/B.22
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. The Guilford Press.
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100
  • Hayes, A. F., & Rockwood, N. J. (2017). Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation analysis in clinical research: Observations, recommendations, and implementation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 98, 39–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.11. 001
  • Heppner, W. L., & Kernis, M. H. (2007). “Quiet ego” functioning: The complementary roles of mindfulness, authenticity, and secure high self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 18(4), 248–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/10478400701598330
  • Herzog, T. R., & Strevey, S. J. (2008). Contact with nature, sense of humor, and psychological well-being. Environment and Behavior, 40(6), 747–776. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916507308524
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, organizations across nations. Sage.
  • Howell, A. J., Digdon, N. L., Buro, K., & Sheptycki, A. R. (2008). Relations among mindfulness, well-being, and sleep. Personality and Individual Differences, 45(8), 773–777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.08.005
  • Huang, J., Lin, K., Fan, L., Qiao, S., & Wang, Y. (2021). The effects of a self-compassion intervention on future-oriented coping and psychological well-being: a randomized controlled trial in Chinese college students. Mindfulness 12, 1451–1458. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01614-8
  • Huppert, F. A. (2009). Psychological well‐being: Evidence regarding its causes and consequences. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 1(2), 137–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2009.01008.x
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychological Counseling and Guidance (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Duygu Dinçer 0000-0003-2496-6902

Nur Akbulut Kılıçoğlu 0000-0002-0022-6427

Publication Date September 28, 2023
Submission Date September 10, 2023
Acceptance Date September 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: Education Special Issue

Cite

APA Dinçer, D., & Akbulut Kılıçoğlu, N. (2023). The Direct and Indirect Effects of Positive Future Expectations on Psychological Well-Being of College Students: Quiet Ego as A Mediator. Journal of Human and Social Sciences, 6(Education Special Issue), 185-207. https://doi.org/10.53048/johass.1358124
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