Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

PARENTS' VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 97 - 120, 02.06.2023

Hatice Şengül Erdem Halil Selimoğlu Yeşim Fazlıoğlu Sevgi Melis Akyürek

https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642
Cited By: 1

Abstract

This study investigates the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals with special needs. In the research carried out with phenomenological research design, data were obtained online from 121 parents with children with special needs and live in 14 different cities in Turkey by means of an interview form consisting of open-ended questions developed by researchers. From the content analysis of the data, 8 themes have been reached, namely, education, health, social life, behavioral-emotional adaptation, physical condition, family communication, indoor activities and social supports and needs. According to the findings, parents stated most that during the pandemic process, social lives of children with special needs were restricted and their daily routines were disturbed, they could not benefit efficiently from distance learning, their behavioral problems such as tantrums and harming themselves and others increased, negative physical situations emerged like weight gain / loss and sleep disorders and stress increased in family communication. Parents indicated that they could do indoor activities with their children and that they do not have difficulties in accessing health services for their children. The majority of the parents stated that they needed psychological counseling, distance education services, financial support and also that they received the greatest support from their family members and teachers.

Keywords

COVID-19 pandemic individuals with special needs parents social and emotional effects health and education services needs and supports.

References

  • Açıkgöz, Ö., & Günay, A. (2020). The early impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global and Turkish economy. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50(SI-1), 520-526. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-6
  • Ageranioti-Bélanger, S., Brunet, S., D’Anjou, G., Tellier, G., Boivin, J., & Gauthier, M. (2012). Behaviour disorders in children with an intellectual disability. Paediatrics & Child Health, 17(2), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/17.2.84
  • Akdal, D., Baltacı, Ö., & Akbulut, Ö.F. (2021). The examination of the opinions of parents with children who have special needs regarding the distance education process. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 8(3), 1817-1832.
  • Amaral, D. G., & de Vries, P. J. (2020). COVID-19 and Autism Research: Perspectives from Around the Globe. Autism research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 13(6), 844–869. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2329
  • American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™ (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • Asbury, K., Fox, L., Deniz, E., Code, A., & Toseeb, U. (2020). How is COVID-19 Affecting the mental health of children with special educational needs and disabilities and their families? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(5), 1772–1780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04577-2
  • Aslan, D., & Atilla, S. (2002). Önemli bir sağlık sorunu: Şişmanlık. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi (sted), 11(5), 169-171.
  • Atay, D. (2020). Uzaktan eğitim süreci üzerine veli, öğretmen ve öğrencilerden elde edilen veriler ile ilgili araştırma bulgularının raporu. Bahcesehir University Faculty of Educational Sciences. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Yg6DyVDFf_ZwVoMhxislU5ipztqQQm8naNgAEUqzyCg/edit#
  • Atlı-Yılmaz, E., & Atlı, A. (2020). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bireylerde Covid-19 pandemisinde uyulması gereken kuralların video modelle öğretilmesi [Teaching the rules to be followed in COVID-19 pandemic in individual with autism spectrum disorder by video model]. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(2), 282-293. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.756883
  • Aykal, F.D., Yılmaz, A., & Çelik, S. (2017). Kent parklarının erişilebilirliği üzerine bir araştırma: Van Dilek Doğan Kent Parkı Örneği [A research on the accessibility of the city parks: A case study on Van Dilek Dogan City Park]. Journal of Engineering Sciences and Design 5(SI), 29-40. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jesd/issue/29265/313326
  • Bag, M., & Sade, G. (2020, May 16). Dünyada Covid-19: İlk 4 ayında neler yaşandı? Salgının seyri ne durumda? https://tr.euronews.com/2020/05/04/dunyada-covid-19-salg-n-n-ilk-100-gununde-yasananlar-ilk-nerede-ortaya-c-kt-nas-l-yay-ld.
  • Baker BL., McIntyre LL., Blacher J., Crnic K., Edelbrock C., & Low C.(2003). Pre-school children with and without developmental delay: behaviour problems and parenting stress over time. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 47(4-5), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00484.x
  • Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001
  • Boardman, L., Bernal, J., & Hollins, S. (2014). Communicating with people with intellectual disabilities: a guide for general psychiatrists. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 20(1), 27–36. doi:10.1192/apt.bp.110.008664
  • Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., & Richardson, V. (2005). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 195–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290507100205
  • Cacioppo, M., Bouvier, S., Bailly, R., Houx, L., Lempereur, M., Mensah-Gourmel, J. … ECHO Group (2020). Emerging health challenges for children with physical disabilities and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The ECHO French survey. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, S1877-0657(20)30157-3. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.08.001
  • Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. 2020. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
  • Colizzi, M., Sironi, E., Antonini, F., Ciceri, M. L., Bovo, C., & Zoccante, L. (2020). Psychosocial and behavioral impact of COVID-19 in autism spectrum disorder: An online parent survey. Brain Sciences, 10(6), 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341
  • Courtenay, K., & Perera, B. (2020). COVID-19 and people with intellectual disability: impacts of a pandemic. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 37(3), 231–236. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.45
  • Creswell, W. J. (2014). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson.
  • Eisenhower, A. S., Baker, B. L., & Blacher, J. (2005). Preschool children with intellectual disability: syndrome specificity, behaviour problems, and maternal well-being. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(9), 657–671. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00699.x
  • Evans, J.R., & Mathur, A. (2018). The value of online surveys: a look back and a look ahead. Internet Research, 28(4), 854-887. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-03-2018-0089
  • Eşit Haklar İçin İzleme Derneği, (2011). Türkiye’de engellilere yönelik ayrımcılık ve hak ihlalleri 2011 izleme raporu. İstanbul:EŞHİD. https://www.esithaklar.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/ESHID-EngelliRaporu2011.pdf
  • Fiona, E., & Indianti, W. (2018). Developing emotion regulation skills by emotion regulation skills system training for children with mild intellectual disability. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 2(2), 51-66.
  • Hallahan, D. P., & Kauffman, J. M. (2003). Exceptional learners. Introduction to special education. Pearson.
  • Hyseni Duraku, Z., & Nagavci, M. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education of children with disabilities. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342282642. doi.10.13140/RG.2.2.17807.41125.
  • Karahan, S., Yildirim Parlak, S., Demiroz, K., Kaya, M., & Kayhan, N. (2021). Experiences of the mothers to cope with the problem behaviors of the children with special needs during coronavirus (COVID-19) process. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 25, 76-101. doi:10.14689/enad.25.4
  • Kohli, S., & Writer, S. (2020, March 30). Students with disabilities deprived of crucial services because of coronavirus closures. http://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-25/coronavirusschool- special-education
  • Lebrasseur, A., Fortin-Bédard, N., Lettre, J., Bussières, E. L., Best, K., Boucher, N. … Routhier, F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on people with physical disabilities: A rapid review. Disability and Health Journal, 14(1), 101014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101014
  • Mamatoğlu, N., & Tasa, H. (2018). Engelliye yönelik ayrımcılık ve iş yerinde engelli [Disability discrimination and disabled person at work]. Türkiye Klinikleri J Psychol-Special Topics, 3(1), 1-10.
  • Matson, J. L., Wilkins, J., & Macken, J. (2008). The relationship of challenging behaviors to severity and symptoms of autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2(1), 29–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315860802611415
  • Mengi, A., & Alpdoğan, Y. (2020). Covid-19 salgını sürecinde özel eğitim öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim süreçlerine ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 413-437. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.776226
  • Ministry of National Education (2019). National Education statistics 2018-2019. Ankara: MoNE. https://sgb.gov.tr/www/icerik_goruntule.php?KNO=361
  • Morens, D., M., Folkers, G., K., & Fauci, A., S. (2009). What Is a Pandemic? The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 200, 1018–1021. https://doi.org/10.1086/644537
  • Narzisi, A. (2020). Handle the autism spectrum condition during Coronavirus (COVID-19) stay at home period: Ten tips for helping parents and caregivers of young children. Brain Sciences, 10(4), 204–207. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10040207
  • Nonweiler, J., Rattray, F., Baulcomb, J., Happé, F., & Absoud, M. (2020). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties during COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Children, 7(9), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090128
  • O'Sullivan, T., & Bourgoin, M. (2010). Vulnerability in an influenza pandemic: Looking beyond medical risk. White Paper funded by Public Health Agency of Canada. file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/OSullivanBourgoin_2010_VulnerabilityinPandemic.pdf.
  • Özata, M., & Karip, S. (2017). Engelli Bireylerin Sağlık Hizmetleri Kullanımında Yaşadıkları Sorunlar: Konya Örneği [Difficulties that disabled people have in the use of health services: Konya example]. Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, 20,(4), 397-407. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hacettepesid/issue/39658/469531
  • Özgür, H., Polat, G., & Akbulut, S. (2012). Engelli Ayrımcılığı Araştırması ve Engelli Ayrımcılığına Karşı Çözüm Önerileri Raporu. https://www.sabancivakfi.org/i/content/4854_2_Engelli_Ayrimciligi_Arastirmasi_ve_Engelli_Ayrimciligina_Karsi_Cozum_Onerileri_Raporu.pdf
  • Öztürk, K. (2014). Dezavantajlı Gruplara Yönelik Ayrımcılık: Engellilerin Çalışma Hayatında Karşılaştıkları Ayrımcılık ve Çözüm Önerileri. Expertise Thesis. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Eğitim ve Araştırma Merkezi.
  • Park, J. H., Kim, Y.S., Koh, Y.J., Song, J., & Leventhal, B. L. (2014). A contrast of comorbid condition and adaptive function between children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from clinical and non-clinical populations. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(11), 1471–1481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.014
  • Parmet, W. E., & Rothstein, M. A. (2018). The 1918 Influenza Pandemic: lessons learned and not—introduction to the special section. American Journal of Public Health, 108(11), 1435–1436. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304695
  • Patel K. (2020). Mental health implications of COVID-19 on children with disabilities. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102273
  • Pavlopoulou G., Wood R., & Papadopoulos C. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on the experiences of parents and family carers of autistic children and young people in the UK. UCL Research Briefing. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10101297/3/Pavlopoulou_COVID19%20AUTISM%20FINAL%20GP.pdf
  • Petri J. C. M. Embregts , Kim J. H. M. van den Bogaard , Noud Frielink , Moniek A. C. Voermans, Thalen, M. & Jahoda, A. (2020): A thematic analysis into the experiences of people with a mild intellectual disability during the COVID-19 lockdown period. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1827214
  • Rezendes, D. L., & Scarpa, A. (2011). Associations between Parental Anxiety/Depression and Child Behavior Problems Related to Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Roles of Parenting Stress and Parenting Self-Efficacy. Autism research and treatment, 2011, 395190. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/395190
  • Rose, J., Willner, P., Cooper, V., Langdon, P. E., Murphy, G. H., & Stenfert Kroese, B. (2020). The effect on and experience of families with a member who has Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: developing an investigation. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1764257
  • Sart, Z. H., Barış, S., Sarıışık, Y., & Düşkün, Y. (2016). Engelli çocukların Türkiye’de eğitime erişimi: Durum analizi ve öneriler. http://www.egitimreformugirisimi.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ERG_Engeli-Olan-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1n-T%C3%BCrkiyede-E%C4%9Fitime-Eri%C5%9Fimi.pdf.
  • Sani-Bozkurt, S., Bozkus-Genc, G., & Yildiz, G. (2021). Reflections of covid-19 pandemic on autism spectrum disorder: A descriptive case study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 25, 28-50. doi: 10.14689/enad.25.2
  • Smith, K. R., & Matson, J. L. (2010). Behavior problems: differences among intellectually disabled adults with co-morbid autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy. Research in developmental disabilities, 31(5), 1062–1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.04.003
  • Smith, J. A., & Osborn, M. (2004). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In G. M. Breakwell (Ed.), Doing social psychology research (p. 229–254). British Psychological Society; Blackwell Publishing.
  • Stankovic M., Jelena, S., Stankovic, M., Shih, A., Stojanovic, A., & Stankovic, S. (2020). The Serbian experience of challenges of parenting children with autism spectrum disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and the state of emergency with the police lockdown. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3582788
  • Summers, J., Shahrami, A., Cali, S., D’Mello, C., Kako, M., Palikucin-Reljin, A.,& Lunsky, Y. (2017). Self-Injury in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability: Exploring the Role of Reactivity to Pain and Sensory Input. Brain Sciences, 7(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7110140
  • Şen, E., B., & Öksüz, Ç. (2016). Ankara’daki engelsiz parkların engelli çocukların kullanımına uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Barriers To Use The Unimpeded Playing Parks Among Disabled Children in Ankara]. Journal of Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation, 4(1), 15-26.
  • Tiyek, R., Eryiğit, B. H. & Baş, E. (2016). Engellilerin erişilebilirlik sorunu ve TSE standartları çerçevesinde bir araştırma [Accessibility problem with disabilities and a research within the framework of the TSE standards]. Kastamonu University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 12(2), 225-261. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iibfdkastamonu/issue/29623/3180884
  • Tsoucalas, G., Kousoulis, A., & Sgantzos, M. (2016). The 1918 Spanish Flu Pandemic, the Origins of the H1N1-virus Strain, a Glance in History. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(4), 23-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20160204.11
  • Toseeb, U., Asbury, K., Code, A., Fox, L., & Deniz, E. (2020). Supporting families with children with special educational needs and disabilities during COVID-19. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tm69k
  • Turkish Medical Association, (2020). Türk Tabipleri Birliği Covid-19 pandemisi iki aylık değerlendirme raporu. Ankara: TMA. https://www.ttb.org.tr/userfiles/files/covid19-rapor.pdf.
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: A disability inclusive response to COVID-19. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2020/05/sg_policy_brief_on_persons_with_disabilities_final.pdf
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: The impact of COVID-19 on children. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: The impact of Covid-19 on older persons. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-The-Impact-of-COVID-19-on-Older-Persons.pdf
  • Uskun, E., Öztürk, M., Kişioğlu, A., N., Kırbıyık, S., & Demirel, R. (2005). İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Obezite Gelişimini Etkileyen risk faktörleri [Risk factor of influencing the development of obesity in the primary education students]. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 12 (2), 19-25.
  • van Steensel, F. J., Bögels, S. M., & Perrin, S. (2011). Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis. Clinical child and family psychology review, 14(3), 302–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-011-0097-0
  • Vergunst, R., Swartz, L., Hem, K. G., Eide, A. H., Mannan, H., MacLachlan, M., Mji, G., Braathen, S. H., & Schneider, M. (2017). Access to health care for persons with disabilities in rural South Africa. BMC health services research, 17(1), 741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2674-5
  • Viboud, C., Simonsen, L., Fuentes, R., Flores, J., Miller, M. A., & Chowell, G. (2016). Global Mortality Impact of the 1957–1959 Influenza Pandemic. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 213(5), 738–745. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv534
  • Viboud, C., Grais, R. F., Lafont, B. A., Miller, M. A., Simonsen, L., & Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study Group (2005). Multinational impact of the 1968 Hong Kong influenza pandemic: evidence for a smoldering pandemic. The Journal of infectious diseases, 192(2), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1086/431150
  • World Health Organization, (2004). Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November 2002 to 31 July 2003. https://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/
  • World Health Organization, (2005). Pandemic influenza preparedness and response: a WHO guidance document. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. WHO (World Health Organization). (2011). Comparative analysis of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2011). World report on disability. Malta, WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2019). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) Cairo, Egypt: WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=CjwKCAiA4o79BRBvEiwAjteoYKqyBQtWLeP3F4F77DOrP1NGm2_obyZOTKUA5ZI48x0eA68ukEiQVxoC_ygQAvD_BwE
  • Yaşlı, G., Turhan, E., Tözün, M., Ah, A., Doğanay, S., & Ülken, Y. (2014). İzmir ili Karşıyaka ilçesi’nde ilköğretim 3. sınıf öğrencilerinde obezite sıklığı ve etkileyen etmenler. STED/Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 23(5), 168-173.
  • Yarımkaya, E., & Esentürk, O. K., (2020): Promoting physical activity for children with autism spectrum disorders during Coronavirus outbreak: benefits, strategies, and examples, International Journal of Developmental Disabilities. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1756115
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara.
  • Yucesoy-Ozkan, S., Kaya, F., Gulboy, E., Altun, D. E., & Oncul, N. (2020). General and special education practices during the COVID-19 viral outbreak in Turkey. In I. Sahin & M. Shelley (Eds.), Educational practices during the COVID-19 viral outbreak: International perspectives (pp. 19–62). ISTES Organization.

COVİD-19'UN ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ BİREYLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNE İLİŞKİN EBEVEYN GÖRÜŞLERİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 1, 97 - 120, 02.06.2023

Hatice Şengül Erdem Halil Selimoğlu Yeşim Fazlıoğlu Sevgi Melis Akyürek

https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu araştırma, COVİD-19 pandemisinin özel gereksinimli bireylerin yaşamlarına etkisi araştırmıştır. Fenomonolojik desen ile yürütülen araştırmada veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan bir çevrimiçi görüşme formuyla Türkiye’nin 14 farklı ilinden özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan 121 ebeveynden toplanmıştır. Verilerin içerik analizi sonucunda eğitim, sağlık, sosyal yaşam, davranışsal-duygusal uyum, fiziksel durum, aile içi iletişim, ev içi aktiviteler, sağlanan sosyal destekler ve ihtiyaçlar olmak üzere 8 temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bulgulara göre ebeveynler, özel gereksinimli çocukların pandemi sürecinde en fazla (a) sosyal yaşamlarının kısıtlandığını, (b) günlük rutinlerinin bozulduğunu, (c) uzaktan eğitimden yeterince verim alamadıklarını, (d) öfke krizleri ile kendine ve başkasına (örn., ebeveynler) zarar verme gibi davranış sorunlarının arttığını, (e) kilo alma/verme ve uyku düzeni bozulması gibi olumsuz fiziksel durumların ortaya çıktığını ve aile içi iletişimde stresin arttığını belirtmişlerdir. Ayrıca, ebeveynler çocukları ile ev içi aktiviteler yapabildiklerini ve çocukları ile ilgili sağlık hizmetlerine erişimde zorluklar yaşamadıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Ebeveynlerin büyük çoğunluğu psikolojik danışma, uzaktan eğitim hizmetleri ve maddi desteğe ihtiyaç duyduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Son olarak, ebeveynler, en büyük desteği aile üyelerinden ve öğretmenlerden gördüklerini ifade etmişlerdir.

Keywords

COVID-19 özel gereksinimli bireyler ebeveyn sosyal ve duygusal etkiler sağlık ve eğitim hizmetleri destek ve ihtiyaç.

References

  • Açıkgöz, Ö., & Günay, A. (2020). The early impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global and Turkish economy. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50(SI-1), 520-526. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-6
  • Ageranioti-Bélanger, S., Brunet, S., D’Anjou, G., Tellier, G., Boivin, J., & Gauthier, M. (2012). Behaviour disorders in children with an intellectual disability. Paediatrics & Child Health, 17(2), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/17.2.84
  • Akdal, D., Baltacı, Ö., & Akbulut, Ö.F. (2021). The examination of the opinions of parents with children who have special needs regarding the distance education process. International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET), 8(3), 1817-1832.
  • Amaral, D. G., & de Vries, P. J. (2020). COVID-19 and Autism Research: Perspectives from Around the Globe. Autism research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 13(6), 844–869. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2329
  • American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5™ (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • Asbury, K., Fox, L., Deniz, E., Code, A., & Toseeb, U. (2020). How is COVID-19 Affecting the mental health of children with special educational needs and disabilities and their families? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51(5), 1772–1780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04577-2
  • Aslan, D., & Atilla, S. (2002). Önemli bir sağlık sorunu: Şişmanlık. Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi (sted), 11(5), 169-171.
  • Atay, D. (2020). Uzaktan eğitim süreci üzerine veli, öğretmen ve öğrencilerden elde edilen veriler ile ilgili araştırma bulgularının raporu. Bahcesehir University Faculty of Educational Sciences. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Yg6DyVDFf_ZwVoMhxislU5ipztqQQm8naNgAEUqzyCg/edit#
  • Atlı-Yılmaz, E., & Atlı, A. (2020). Otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan bireylerde Covid-19 pandemisinde uyulması gereken kuralların video modelle öğretilmesi [Teaching the rules to be followed in COVID-19 pandemic in individual with autism spectrum disorder by video model]. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research, 6(2), 282-293. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.756883
  • Aykal, F.D., Yılmaz, A., & Çelik, S. (2017). Kent parklarının erişilebilirliği üzerine bir araştırma: Van Dilek Doğan Kent Parkı Örneği [A research on the accessibility of the city parks: A case study on Van Dilek Dogan City Park]. Journal of Engineering Sciences and Design 5(SI), 29-40. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jesd/issue/29265/313326
  • Bag, M., & Sade, G. (2020, May 16). Dünyada Covid-19: İlk 4 ayında neler yaşandı? Salgının seyri ne durumda? https://tr.euronews.com/2020/05/04/dunyada-covid-19-salg-n-n-ilk-100-gununde-yasananlar-ilk-nerede-ortaya-c-kt-nas-l-yay-ld.
  • Baker BL., McIntyre LL., Blacher J., Crnic K., Edelbrock C., & Low C.(2003). Pre-school children with and without developmental delay: behaviour problems and parenting stress over time. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 47(4-5), 217–230. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00484.x
  • Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, 2, 8–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.01.001
  • Boardman, L., Bernal, J., & Hollins, S. (2014). Communicating with people with intellectual disabilities: a guide for general psychiatrists. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 20(1), 27–36. doi:10.1192/apt.bp.110.008664
  • Brantlinger, E., Jimenez, R., Klingner, J., Pugach, M., & Richardson, V. (2005). Qualitative studies in special education. Exceptional Children, 71(2), 195–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440290507100205
  • Cacioppo, M., Bouvier, S., Bailly, R., Houx, L., Lempereur, M., Mensah-Gourmel, J. … ECHO Group (2020). Emerging health challenges for children with physical disabilities and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: The ECHO French survey. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, S1877-0657(20)30157-3. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2020.08.001
  • Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G. P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B. E., & Li, F. 2020. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9(2), 103–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.001
  • Colizzi, M., Sironi, E., Antonini, F., Ciceri, M. L., Bovo, C., & Zoccante, L. (2020). Psychosocial and behavioral impact of COVID-19 in autism spectrum disorder: An online parent survey. Brain Sciences, 10(6), 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10060341
  • Courtenay, K., & Perera, B. (2020). COVID-19 and people with intellectual disability: impacts of a pandemic. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 37(3), 231–236. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.45
  • Creswell, W. J. (2014). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson.
  • Eisenhower, A. S., Baker, B. L., & Blacher, J. (2005). Preschool children with intellectual disability: syndrome specificity, behaviour problems, and maternal well-being. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 49(9), 657–671. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00699.x
  • Evans, J.R., & Mathur, A. (2018). The value of online surveys: a look back and a look ahead. Internet Research, 28(4), 854-887. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-03-2018-0089
  • Eşit Haklar İçin İzleme Derneği, (2011). Türkiye’de engellilere yönelik ayrımcılık ve hak ihlalleri 2011 izleme raporu. İstanbul:EŞHİD. https://www.esithaklar.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/ESHID-EngelliRaporu2011.pdf
  • Fiona, E., & Indianti, W. (2018). Developing emotion regulation skills by emotion regulation skills system training for children with mild intellectual disability. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 2(2), 51-66.
  • Hallahan, D. P., & Kauffman, J. M. (2003). Exceptional learners. Introduction to special education. Pearson.
  • Hyseni Duraku, Z., & Nagavci, M. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education of children with disabilities. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342282642. doi.10.13140/RG.2.2.17807.41125.
  • Karahan, S., Yildirim Parlak, S., Demiroz, K., Kaya, M., & Kayhan, N. (2021). Experiences of the mothers to cope with the problem behaviors of the children with special needs during coronavirus (COVID-19) process. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 25, 76-101. doi:10.14689/enad.25.4
  • Kohli, S., & Writer, S. (2020, March 30). Students with disabilities deprived of crucial services because of coronavirus closures. http://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-03-25/coronavirusschool- special-education
  • Lebrasseur, A., Fortin-Bédard, N., Lettre, J., Bussières, E. L., Best, K., Boucher, N. … Routhier, F. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on people with physical disabilities: A rapid review. Disability and Health Journal, 14(1), 101014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101014
  • Mamatoğlu, N., & Tasa, H. (2018). Engelliye yönelik ayrımcılık ve iş yerinde engelli [Disability discrimination and disabled person at work]. Türkiye Klinikleri J Psychol-Special Topics, 3(1), 1-10.
  • Matson, J. L., Wilkins, J., & Macken, J. (2008). The relationship of challenging behaviors to severity and symptoms of autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2(1), 29–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315860802611415
  • Mengi, A., & Alpdoğan, Y. (2020). Covid-19 salgını sürecinde özel eğitim öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitim süreçlerine ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 49(1), 413-437. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.776226
  • Ministry of National Education (2019). National Education statistics 2018-2019. Ankara: MoNE. https://sgb.gov.tr/www/icerik_goruntule.php?KNO=361
  • Morens, D., M., Folkers, G., K., & Fauci, A., S. (2009). What Is a Pandemic? The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 200, 1018–1021. https://doi.org/10.1086/644537
  • Narzisi, A. (2020). Handle the autism spectrum condition during Coronavirus (COVID-19) stay at home period: Ten tips for helping parents and caregivers of young children. Brain Sciences, 10(4), 204–207. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10040207
  • Nonweiler, J., Rattray, F., Baulcomb, J., Happé, F., & Absoud, M. (2020). Prevalence and Associated Factors of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties during COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Children, 7(9), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7090128
  • O'Sullivan, T., & Bourgoin, M. (2010). Vulnerability in an influenza pandemic: Looking beyond medical risk. White Paper funded by Public Health Agency of Canada. file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/OSullivanBourgoin_2010_VulnerabilityinPandemic.pdf.
  • Özata, M., & Karip, S. (2017). Engelli Bireylerin Sağlık Hizmetleri Kullanımında Yaşadıkları Sorunlar: Konya Örneği [Difficulties that disabled people have in the use of health services: Konya example]. Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, 20,(4), 397-407. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hacettepesid/issue/39658/469531
  • Özgür, H., Polat, G., & Akbulut, S. (2012). Engelli Ayrımcılığı Araştırması ve Engelli Ayrımcılığına Karşı Çözüm Önerileri Raporu. https://www.sabancivakfi.org/i/content/4854_2_Engelli_Ayrimciligi_Arastirmasi_ve_Engelli_Ayrimciligina_Karsi_Cozum_Onerileri_Raporu.pdf
  • Öztürk, K. (2014). Dezavantajlı Gruplara Yönelik Ayrımcılık: Engellilerin Çalışma Hayatında Karşılaştıkları Ayrımcılık ve Çözüm Önerileri. Expertise Thesis. Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Eğitim ve Araştırma Merkezi.
  • Park, J. H., Kim, Y.S., Koh, Y.J., Song, J., & Leventhal, B. L. (2014). A contrast of comorbid condition and adaptive function between children with Autism Spectrum Disorder from clinical and non-clinical populations. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(11), 1471–1481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.07.014
  • Parmet, W. E., & Rothstein, M. A. (2018). The 1918 Influenza Pandemic: lessons learned and not—introduction to the special section. American Journal of Public Health, 108(11), 1435–1436. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2018.304695
  • Patel K. (2020). Mental health implications of COVID-19 on children with disabilities. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 54, 102273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102273
  • Pavlopoulou G., Wood R., & Papadopoulos C. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 on the experiences of parents and family carers of autistic children and young people in the UK. UCL Research Briefing. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10101297/3/Pavlopoulou_COVID19%20AUTISM%20FINAL%20GP.pdf
  • Petri J. C. M. Embregts , Kim J. H. M. van den Bogaard , Noud Frielink , Moniek A. C. Voermans, Thalen, M. & Jahoda, A. (2020): A thematic analysis into the experiences of people with a mild intellectual disability during the COVID-19 lockdown period. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1827214
  • Rezendes, D. L., & Scarpa, A. (2011). Associations between Parental Anxiety/Depression and Child Behavior Problems Related to Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Roles of Parenting Stress and Parenting Self-Efficacy. Autism research and treatment, 2011, 395190. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/395190
  • Rose, J., Willner, P., Cooper, V., Langdon, P. E., Murphy, G. H., & Stenfert Kroese, B. (2020). The effect on and experience of families with a member who has Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: developing an investigation. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1764257
  • Sart, Z. H., Barış, S., Sarıışık, Y., & Düşkün, Y. (2016). Engelli çocukların Türkiye’de eğitime erişimi: Durum analizi ve öneriler. http://www.egitimreformugirisimi.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/ERG_Engeli-Olan-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1n-T%C3%BCrkiyede-E%C4%9Fitime-Eri%C5%9Fimi.pdf.
  • Sani-Bozkurt, S., Bozkus-Genc, G., & Yildiz, G. (2021). Reflections of covid-19 pandemic on autism spectrum disorder: A descriptive case study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 25, 28-50. doi: 10.14689/enad.25.2
  • Smith, K. R., & Matson, J. L. (2010). Behavior problems: differences among intellectually disabled adults with co-morbid autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy. Research in developmental disabilities, 31(5), 1062–1069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2010.04.003
  • Smith, J. A., & Osborn, M. (2004). Interpretative phenomenological analysis. In G. M. Breakwell (Ed.), Doing social psychology research (p. 229–254). British Psychological Society; Blackwell Publishing.
  • Stankovic M., Jelena, S., Stankovic, M., Shih, A., Stojanovic, A., & Stankovic, S. (2020). The Serbian experience of challenges of parenting children with autism spectrum disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic and the state of emergency with the police lockdown. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3582788
  • Summers, J., Shahrami, A., Cali, S., D’Mello, C., Kako, M., Palikucin-Reljin, A.,& Lunsky, Y. (2017). Self-Injury in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability: Exploring the Role of Reactivity to Pain and Sensory Input. Brain Sciences, 7(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7110140
  • Şen, E., B., & Öksüz, Ç. (2016). Ankara’daki engelsiz parkların engelli çocukların kullanımına uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Barriers To Use The Unimpeded Playing Parks Among Disabled Children in Ankara]. Journal of Occupational Therapy and Rehabilitation, 4(1), 15-26.
  • Tiyek, R., Eryiğit, B. H. & Baş, E. (2016). Engellilerin erişilebilirlik sorunu ve TSE standartları çerçevesinde bir araştırma [Accessibility problem with disabilities and a research within the framework of the TSE standards]. Kastamonu University Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 12(2), 225-261. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iibfdkastamonu/issue/29623/3180884
  • Tsoucalas, G., Kousoulis, A., & Sgantzos, M. (2016). The 1918 Spanish Flu Pandemic, the Origins of the H1N1-virus Strain, a Glance in History. European Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, 2(4), 23-28. doi: 10.11648/j.ejcbs.20160204.11
  • Toseeb, U., Asbury, K., Code, A., Fox, L., & Deniz, E. (2020). Supporting families with children with special educational needs and disabilities during COVID-19. PsyArXiv Preprints. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tm69k
  • Turkish Medical Association, (2020). Türk Tabipleri Birliği Covid-19 pandemisi iki aylık değerlendirme raporu. Ankara: TMA. https://www.ttb.org.tr/userfiles/files/covid19-rapor.pdf.
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: A disability inclusive response to COVID-19. https://www.un.org/development/desa/disabilities/wp-content/uploads/sites/15/2020/05/sg_policy_brief_on_persons_with_disabilities_final.pdf
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: The impact of COVID-19 on children. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-04/160420_Covid_Children_Policy_Brief.pdf
  • United Nations, (2020). Policy Brief: The impact of Covid-19 on older persons. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-The-Impact-of-COVID-19-on-Older-Persons.pdf
  • Uskun, E., Öztürk, M., Kişioğlu, A., N., Kırbıyık, S., & Demirel, R. (2005). İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Obezite Gelişimini Etkileyen risk faktörleri [Risk factor of influencing the development of obesity in the primary education students]. SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 12 (2), 19-25.
  • van Steensel, F. J., Bögels, S. M., & Perrin, S. (2011). Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis. Clinical child and family psychology review, 14(3), 302–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-011-0097-0
  • Vergunst, R., Swartz, L., Hem, K. G., Eide, A. H., Mannan, H., MacLachlan, M., Mji, G., Braathen, S. H., & Schneider, M. (2017). Access to health care for persons with disabilities in rural South Africa. BMC health services research, 17(1), 741. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2674-5
  • Viboud, C., Simonsen, L., Fuentes, R., Flores, J., Miller, M. A., & Chowell, G. (2016). Global Mortality Impact of the 1957–1959 Influenza Pandemic. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 213(5), 738–745. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiv534
  • Viboud, C., Grais, R. F., Lafont, B. A., Miller, M. A., Simonsen, L., & Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study Group (2005). Multinational impact of the 1968 Hong Kong influenza pandemic: evidence for a smoldering pandemic. The Journal of infectious diseases, 192(2), 233–248. https://doi.org/10.1086/431150
  • World Health Organization, (2004). Summary of probable SARS cases with onset of illness from 1 November 2002 to 31 July 2003. https://www.who.int/csr/sars/country/table2004_04_21/en/
  • World Health Organization, (2005). Pandemic influenza preparedness and response: a WHO guidance document. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. WHO (World Health Organization). (2011). Comparative analysis of national pandemic influenza preparedness plans. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2011). World report on disability. Malta, WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2019). Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERSCoV) Cairo, Egypt: WHO.
  • World Health Organization, (2020). WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/?gclid=CjwKCAiA4o79BRBvEiwAjteoYKqyBQtWLeP3F4F77DOrP1NGm2_obyZOTKUA5ZI48x0eA68ukEiQVxoC_ygQAvD_BwE
  • Yaşlı, G., Turhan, E., Tözün, M., Ah, A., Doğanay, S., & Ülken, Y. (2014). İzmir ili Karşıyaka ilçesi’nde ilköğretim 3. sınıf öğrencilerinde obezite sıklığı ve etkileyen etmenler. STED/Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi Dergisi. 23(5), 168-173.
  • Yarımkaya, E., & Esentürk, O. K., (2020): Promoting physical activity for children with autism spectrum disorders during Coronavirus outbreak: benefits, strategies, and examples, International Journal of Developmental Disabilities. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2020.1756115
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara.
  • Yucesoy-Ozkan, S., Kaya, F., Gulboy, E., Altun, D. E., & Oncul, N. (2020). General and special education practices during the COVID-19 viral outbreak in Turkey. In I. Sahin & M. Shelley (Eds.), Educational practices during the COVID-19 viral outbreak: International perspectives (pp. 19–62). ISTES Organization.
There are 75 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hatice Şengül Erdem 0000-0003-2933-8198

Halil Selimoğlu 0000-0002-1144-1923

Yeşim Fazlıoğlu 0000-0002-3970-7084

Sevgi Melis Akyürek 0000-0002-2072-8344

Early Pub Date June 2, 2023
Publication Date June 2, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Şengül Erdem, H., Selimoğlu, H., Fazlıoğlu, Y., Akyürek, S. M. (2023). PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(1), 97-120. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642
AMA Şengül Erdem H, Selimoğlu H, Fazlıoğlu Y, Akyürek SM. PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. June 2023;25(1):97-120. doi:10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642
Chicago Şengül Erdem, Hatice, Halil Selimoğlu, Yeşim Fazlıoğlu, and Sevgi Melis Akyürek. “PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25, no. 1 (June 2023): 97-120. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642.
EndNote Şengül Erdem H, Selimoğlu H, Fazlıoğlu Y, Akyürek SM (June 1, 2023) PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25 1 97–120.
IEEE H. Şengül Erdem, H. Selimoğlu, Y. Fazlıoğlu, and S. M. Akyürek, “PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY”, Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 97–120, 2023, doi: 10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642.
ISNAD Şengül Erdem, Hatice et al. “PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 25/1 (June 2023), 97-120. https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642.
JAMA Şengül Erdem H, Selimoğlu H, Fazlıoğlu Y, Akyürek SM. PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2023;25:97–120.
MLA Şengül Erdem, Hatice et al. “PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY”. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 25, no. 1, 2023, pp. 97-120, doi:10.26468/trakyasobed.1169642.
Vancouver Şengül Erdem H, Selimoğlu H, Fazlıoğlu Y, Akyürek SM. PARENTS’ VIEWS OF THE EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON INDIVIDUALS WİTH SPECIAL NEEDS: THE CASE OF TURKEY. Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2023;25(1):97-120.

Cited By

Diffractive Perspectives on Parents’ Role in Inclusive Online, Distance, and Digital Education
Computers in the Schools
https://doi.org/10.1080/07380569.2024.2325433
Resim

Trakya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ile lisanslanmıştır.