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FACTORS AFFECTING BANK PROFITABILITY IN BALKAN COUNTRIES

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 8, 479 - 492, 30.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.32953/abad.984509

Öz

Standardization and quality in the management of banks and firms are crucial for economic growth. Banks, which are the most important stakeholders of the financial system, have a critical position in the development of economies due to their role. The banking sector provides both the necessary funds and the ability of institutions or individuals with excess funds to evaluate their funds. In the 2008 mortgage crisis, the world was faced with a major financial crisis that caused massive losses in wealth and employment and devastatingly damaged the economies of developed countries. With the financial crisis, differences in the banking system have emerged in terms of capital quality. Banks have sought a better quality asset structure. Banks in the Balkan countries have also increased their management quality with the process. In the literature, especially in recent years, there are many studies investigating the profitability of banks in the Balkan countries. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of certain characteristics of banks and economic factors on the profitability of banks in the Balkan countries in terms of the current economic framework. In order to examine the factors affecting bank profitability, the research was carried out using the data of 9 Balkan countries between 2008 and 2017. According to the findings, while inflation, non-performing loans and cost-income ratio have a negative effect on the return on assets and return on equity, economic size has a positive effect. In addition, it was observed that only the economic size variable and non-performing loans had a statistically significant effect.

Kaynakça

  • ABATA Matthew Adeolu, “Asset Quality And Bank Performance: A Study of Commercial Banks in Nigeria”, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(18), (2014), 39-44.
  • ALBERTAZZI Ugo ve GAMBACORTA Leonardo, “Bank Profitability and the Business Cycle”, Journal of Financial Stability, 5 (4), (2009), 393–409.
  • ALSHIQI Sevdie ve SAHITI Albana, “Risk management and profitability of commercial banks of Western Balkans countries of Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia”, Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 8(1), (2021), 81-88.
  • ATHANASOGLOU Panayiotis, MANTHOS Delis ve CHRISTOS Staikouras, “Determinants of bank profitability in the South Eastern European region”, Journal of Financial Decision Making, 2: 1-17, (2006).
  • BAELE Lieven, DE JONGHE Olivier ve VENNETI Rudi, “Does the stock market value bank diversification?” Journal of Bank Finance, 31, (2007),1999–2023.
  • BERGER Allen, GERALD Hanweck ve DAVID Humphrey, “Competitive viability in banking: Scale, scope, and product mix economies”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 20(3), (1987), 501-520.
  • CURAK Marijana, POPOSKİ Klime ve PEPUR Sandra, “Profitability determinants of the Macedonian banking sector in changing environment”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 44, (2012), 406-416.
  • DEMIRGUC-KUNT Ash ve HUIZINGA Hary, “Determinants of commercial bank interest margins and profitability: Some international evidence” The World Bank Economic Review, 13(2), (1999), 379–408.
  • DEMSETZ Rebecca ve PHİLİP Strahan, “Diversification, size, and risk at bank holding companies”, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 29, (1997), 300-313.
  • DETRAGIACHE Ms Enrica, THIERRY Tressel ve RIMA Turk-Ariss, Where Have All the Profits Gone? European Bank Profitability Over the Financial Cycle. IMF Working Papers, (2018).
  • DİETRİCH Andreas ve WANZENRIED Gabrielle, “Determinants of bank profitability before and during the crisis: Evidence from Switzerland”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 21(3), (2011), 307-327.
  • DO VAN Anh, “Does better capitalization enhance bank efficiency and limit risk taking? Evidence from ASEAN commercial banks”, Global Finance Journal, (2021).
  • FROOT Kenneth ve STEIN Jeremy, “Risk management, capital budgeting, and capital structure policies for financial institutions: an integrated approach”, Journal of Financial Economics, 47:55, (1998).
  • GREMI Eliona, “Internal factors affecting Albanian banking profitability”, Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(9), (2013), 19-19.
  • HSIAO Cheng, “Panel data analysis—advantages and challenges”, Mathematics and Statistics, 16(1), (2007), 1-22.
  • JADAH Hamid Mohsin, ALGHANIMI Manar Hayder Ali, ALDAHAAN Noor Sabah Hameed ve AL-HUSAINY Noor Hashim Mohammed, “Internal and external determinants of Iraqi bank profitability”, Banks and Bank Systems, 15(2), (2020), 79-93.
  • LANDSKRONER Yoram, RUTHENBERG David ve ZAKEN David, “Diversification and performance in banking: the Israeli case”, Journal of Financial Services Research, 27(1), (2005), 27–49.
  • PANICOS Demetriades ve FIELDING David, "Information, institutions, and banking sector development in West Africa", Economic Inquiry, 50.3 (2012): 739-753.
  • PASIOURAS Fotios ve KOSMIDOU Kyriaki, “Factors influencing the profitability of domestic and foreign commercial banks in the European Union”, Research in International Business and Finance, 21(2), (2007), 222-237.
  • SARITAŞ Hakan, KANGALLI Sinem ve GÖKÇE Altan, “Banka karlılığı ile finansal oranlar ve makroekonomik değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin sistem dinamik panel veri modeli ile analizi: Türkiye araştırması”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), (2016), 87-108.
  • SHERMAN David ve GOLD Franklin, "Bank branch operating efficiency: Evaluation with data envelopment analysis", Journal of Banking and Finance, 9 (2), (1985), 297-315. YÜKSEL Serhat, MUKHTAROV Shahriyar, MAMMADOV Elvin ve ÖZSARI Mustafa, “Determinants of profitability in the banking sector: an analysis of post-soviet countries”, Economies, 6(3), (2018), 41.

BALKAN ÜLKELERİNDE BANKA KARLILIĞINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 8, 479 - 492, 30.10.2021
https://doi.org/10.32953/abad.984509

Öz

Bankaların ve firmaların yönetimindeki standartizasyon ve kalite ekonomik büyüme için çok önemlidir. Finansal sistemin en önemli paydaşı olan bankalar rolleri nedeniyle ekonomilerin gelişmesinde kritik bir konuma sahiptirler. Bankacılık sektörü hem ihtiyaç olan fonun sağlanması hem de fazla fona sahip olan kurum veya kişilerin fonlarını değerlendirebilmesini sağlamaktadır. 2008 mortgage krizinde dünya, servet ve istihdamda büyük kayıplara neden olan ve gelişmiş ülkelerin ekonomisine yıkıcı zararlar veren büyük bir finansal krizle karşı karşıya kaldı. Yaşanan finansal krizle birlikte bankacılık sisteminde sermaye kalitesi bazında farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Bankalar daha kaliteli varlık yapısı arayışına girmişlerdir. Balkan ülkelerinde bulunan bankalar da süreç ile birlikte yönetim kalitesini artırmışlardır. Literatürde özellikle son yıllarda balkan ülkelerinde banka karlılığını araştıran birçok çalışma yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, mevcut ekonomik çerçeve açısından bankaların belirli özellikleri ve ekonomik faktörlerin balkan ülkelerinde bulunan bankaların karlılığı üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Banka kârlılığını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amacıyla 9 balkan ülkesinin 2008-2017 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılarak araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgulara göre, varlık getiri oranı ve öz sermaye getiri oranı için enflasyon, takipteki krediler ve maliyet gelir oranı negatif etkide bulunmakta iken ekonomik büyüklük pozitif etkide bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiyi sadece ekonomik büyüklük değişkeni ile takipteki krediler gösterdiği gözlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • ABATA Matthew Adeolu, “Asset Quality And Bank Performance: A Study of Commercial Banks in Nigeria”, Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(18), (2014), 39-44.
  • ALBERTAZZI Ugo ve GAMBACORTA Leonardo, “Bank Profitability and the Business Cycle”, Journal of Financial Stability, 5 (4), (2009), 393–409.
  • ALSHIQI Sevdie ve SAHITI Albana, “Risk management and profitability of commercial banks of Western Balkans countries of Kosovo, Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia”, Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 8(1), (2021), 81-88.
  • ATHANASOGLOU Panayiotis, MANTHOS Delis ve CHRISTOS Staikouras, “Determinants of bank profitability in the South Eastern European region”, Journal of Financial Decision Making, 2: 1-17, (2006).
  • BAELE Lieven, DE JONGHE Olivier ve VENNETI Rudi, “Does the stock market value bank diversification?” Journal of Bank Finance, 31, (2007),1999–2023.
  • BERGER Allen, GERALD Hanweck ve DAVID Humphrey, “Competitive viability in banking: Scale, scope, and product mix economies”, Journal of Monetary Economics, 20(3), (1987), 501-520.
  • CURAK Marijana, POPOSKİ Klime ve PEPUR Sandra, “Profitability determinants of the Macedonian banking sector in changing environment”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 44, (2012), 406-416.
  • DEMIRGUC-KUNT Ash ve HUIZINGA Hary, “Determinants of commercial bank interest margins and profitability: Some international evidence” The World Bank Economic Review, 13(2), (1999), 379–408.
  • DEMSETZ Rebecca ve PHİLİP Strahan, “Diversification, size, and risk at bank holding companies”, Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 29, (1997), 300-313.
  • DETRAGIACHE Ms Enrica, THIERRY Tressel ve RIMA Turk-Ariss, Where Have All the Profits Gone? European Bank Profitability Over the Financial Cycle. IMF Working Papers, (2018).
  • DİETRİCH Andreas ve WANZENRIED Gabrielle, “Determinants of bank profitability before and during the crisis: Evidence from Switzerland”, Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 21(3), (2011), 307-327.
  • DO VAN Anh, “Does better capitalization enhance bank efficiency and limit risk taking? Evidence from ASEAN commercial banks”, Global Finance Journal, (2021).
  • FROOT Kenneth ve STEIN Jeremy, “Risk management, capital budgeting, and capital structure policies for financial institutions: an integrated approach”, Journal of Financial Economics, 47:55, (1998).
  • GREMI Eliona, “Internal factors affecting Albanian banking profitability”, Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(9), (2013), 19-19.
  • HSIAO Cheng, “Panel data analysis—advantages and challenges”, Mathematics and Statistics, 16(1), (2007), 1-22.
  • JADAH Hamid Mohsin, ALGHANIMI Manar Hayder Ali, ALDAHAAN Noor Sabah Hameed ve AL-HUSAINY Noor Hashim Mohammed, “Internal and external determinants of Iraqi bank profitability”, Banks and Bank Systems, 15(2), (2020), 79-93.
  • LANDSKRONER Yoram, RUTHENBERG David ve ZAKEN David, “Diversification and performance in banking: the Israeli case”, Journal of Financial Services Research, 27(1), (2005), 27–49.
  • PANICOS Demetriades ve FIELDING David, "Information, institutions, and banking sector development in West Africa", Economic Inquiry, 50.3 (2012): 739-753.
  • PASIOURAS Fotios ve KOSMIDOU Kyriaki, “Factors influencing the profitability of domestic and foreign commercial banks in the European Union”, Research in International Business and Finance, 21(2), (2007), 222-237.
  • SARITAŞ Hakan, KANGALLI Sinem ve GÖKÇE Altan, “Banka karlılığı ile finansal oranlar ve makroekonomik değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin sistem dinamik panel veri modeli ile analizi: Türkiye araştırması”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 11(1), (2016), 87-108.
  • SHERMAN David ve GOLD Franklin, "Bank branch operating efficiency: Evaluation with data envelopment analysis", Journal of Banking and Finance, 9 (2), (1985), 297-315. YÜKSEL Serhat, MUKHTAROV Shahriyar, MAMMADOV Elvin ve ÖZSARI Mustafa, “Determinants of profitability in the banking sector: an analysis of post-soviet countries”, Economies, 6(3), (2018), 41.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Erdem Öncü 0000-0002-3506-5803

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ekim 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2021
Kabul Tarihi 6 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Öncü, Erdem. “BALKAN ÜLKELERİNDE BANKA KARLILIĞINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER”. Anadolu Ve Balkan Araştırmaları Dergisi 4, sy. 8 (Ekim 2021): 479-92. https://doi.org/10.32953/abad.984509.