Araştırma Makalesi
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Şiddet Mağduru Kadınlar: Ebeveynlik Algılarının ve Gebelikten Kaçınma Arzularının Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1110 - 1121, 17.03.2023

Esra Güney Esra Karataş Okyay

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1231583

Öz

Kesitsel tipte tasarlanan bu araştırma, şiddete maruz kalan kadınların ebeveyn olmaya ilişkin algıları ve gebelikten kaçınma arzularını karşılaştırmak amacıyla 10 Ekim-10 Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında yapıldı. Araştırma, web tabanlı çevrimiçi anket kullanılarak 657 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmada sözel şiddete maruz kalan kadınların gebelikten kaçıma puanlarının fiziksel şiddete maruz kalanlardan daha fazla olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Bununla birlikte sözlü şiddet, fiziksel şiddet, psikolojik şiddet ve cinsel şiddete maruz kalanların gebelikten kaçınma puanlarının daha fazla, olumlu ebeveynlik algı puanlarının daha az olduğu ancak gruplar arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak önemli olmadığı belirlendi (p>0.05). Araştırma sonucunda kadınların eğitim düzeylerinin artırılması, doğru ve zamanında tespit etme ile şiddete maruz kalan kadına erken dönemde müdahale edilmesi sağlanarak kadın sağlığı için tehdide neden olabilecek olumsuz durumların önüne geçilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ebelik Ebeveynlik algıları Gebelikten kaçınma Kadın sağlığı Şiddet.

Kaynakça

  • Alio, A. P., Daley, E. M., Nana, P. N., Duan, J. & Salihu, H. M. (2009). Intimate partner violence and contraception use among women in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 107, 35–38.
  • Almiş, B. H., Kütük, E. K., Gümüştaş, F. & Çelik, M. (2018). Kadınlarda ev içi şiddet için risk faktörleri ve ev içi şiddete uğrayan kadınlarda ruhsal bozulmanın belirleyicileri. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 55, 67−72. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.19355
  • Alsawalqa, R. O. (2021). Women’s abuse experiences in Jordan: A comparative study using rural and urban classifications. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, 186(2021). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00853-3
  • Anand, E., Unisa, S. & Singh, J. (2017). Intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent and young adult married women in South Asia. Journal Of Biosocial Science, 49(2), 206-221.
  • Arabaci, L. B. & Uygun, T. (2022). Şiddet uygulayan ve şiddet uygulanan bireylerin özellikleri. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi, 5(1), 38-46.
  • Bagwell-Gray, M. E., Thaller, J., Messing, J. T. & Durfee, A. (2021). Women’s reproductive coercion and pregnancy avoidance: associations with homicide risk, sexual violence, and religious abuse. Violence Against Women, 27(12-13), 2294-2312.
  • Bramhankar, M. & Reshmi, R. S. (2021). Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India. BMC Womens Health, 21(1), 382.
  • Cha, S. & Masho, S. W. (2014). Intimate partner violence and utilization of prenatal care in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(5), 911-927.
  • Clark, C. J., Silverman, J., Khalaf, I. A., Abu Ra'ad, B., Abu Al Sha'ar, Z., Abu Al Ata, A. & Batieha, A. (2008). Intimate partner violence and interference with women's efforts to avoid pregnancy in Jordan. Studies in family planning, 39(2), 123-132.
  • da Costa Marques, D. F. (2012). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy.
  • Demir, S. & Oskay, Ü. Y. (2015). Aile içi şiddetin üreme sağlığına etkisi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(1), 35-38.
  • Donovan, B. M., Spracklen, C. N., Schweizer, M. L., Ryckman, K. K. & Saftlas, A. F. (2016). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and the risk for adverse infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG, 123(8), 1289-1299.
  • Ebrahimi, L. & Mohamadlou, M. (2019). Consequences of domestic violence against women referred to health centers in zanjan: Qualitative research. Preventive Care in Nursing & Midwifery Journal, 9(2), 1-8.
  • Feeney, J. A., Hohaus, L., Noller, P. & Alexander, R. P. (2001). Becoming parents. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gipson, J. D., Bornstein, M., Berger, A. & Rocca, C. H. (2021). Desire to avoid pregnancy and contraceptive use among female methadone patients in Los Angeles. Contraception. 103(5), 322-327. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.01.019.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü & T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (2015). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet araştırması. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/KKSATRAnaRaporKitap26Mart.pdf adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Hawcroft, C., Hughes, R., Shaheen, A., Usta, J., Elkadi, H., Dalton, T., …Feder, G. (2019). Prevalence and health outcomes of domestic violence amongst clinical populations in Arab countries: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 19, 315(2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6619-2
  • Hisasue, T., Kruse, M., Raitanen, J., Paavilainen, E. & Rissanen, P. (2020). Quality of life, psychological distress and violence among women in close relationships: a population-based study in Finland. BMC Women's Health, 20(1), 1-10.
  • Karaoğlan, Ç. & Sarandöl A. (2020). Şiddet gören kadınların depresyon, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve benlik saygıları üzerine bir araştırma. (Master's thesis). Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • Kızıldağ, S. & Duran, A. (2017). Ebeveyn olmaya ilişkin algı ölçeği’nin Türkiye’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 8(30), 1696-1713.
  • Lawson, K. L. (2004). Development and psychometric properties of the perceptions of parenting inventory. The Journal of Psychology, 138(5), 433-455.
  • Miller, E., Jordan, B., Levenson, R. & Silverman, J.G. (2010). Reproductive coercion: Connecting the dots between partner violence and unintended pregnancy. Contraception, 81, 457–459.
  • Mundhra, R., Singh, N., Kaushik, S. & Mendiratta, A. (2016). Intimate partner violence: Associated factors and acceptability of contraception among the women. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 41(3), 203-207. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.183589.
  • Nnaemeka, A., Anazodo, N. N. & Okeke, M. I. (2015). Violence against women: Impact on women sexual and reproductive health rights in Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Women's Health, issues and Care, 4(6), e1000208-e1000208.
  • Olorunsaiye, C. Z., Brunner Huber, L., Laditka, S. B., Kulkarni, S. & Suzanne Boyd, A. (2017). Associations between women's perceptions of domestic violence and contraceptive use in seven countries in West and Central Africa. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 13, 110-117.
  • Okyay, E. K., Güney, E. & Uçar T. (2021). Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy avoidance scale: Validity and reliability study. World Woman Conference–II, Online, Azerbaijan. 11-12 February 2021. (Verbal Presentation).
  • Pinquart, M., Stotzka, C. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2008). Personality and ambivalence in decisions about becoming parents. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 36(1), 87-96.
  • Raj, A., McDougal, L., Reed, E. & Silverman, J. G. (2015). Associations of marital violence with different forms of contraception: Cross-sectional findings from South Asia. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 130, E56–E61.
  • Reed, E., Saggurti, N., Donta, B., Ritter, J., Dasgupta, A., Ghule, M., …Raj, A. (2016). Intimate partner violence among married couples in India and contraceptive use reported by women but not husbands. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 133, 22–25.
  • Rocca, C. H., Ralph, L. J., Wilson, M., Gould, H. & Foster, D. G. (2019). Psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure prospective pregnancy preferences: the desire to avoid pregnancy scale. Medical Care, 57(2), 152.
  • Sahin, S. K. & Cetin, S. (2022). Perception of parenthood among young adults: A cross-sectional study in Turkey. Current Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02524-7
  • Sévon, E. (2005). Timing motherhood: Experiencing and narrating the choice to become a mother. Feminism and Psychology, 15, 461-482.
  • Sharma, K. K., Vatsa, M., Kalaivani, M. & Bhardwaj, D. (2019). Mental health effects of domestic violence against women in Delhi: A community-based study. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(7), 2522-2527.
  • Sharma, V. (2021). violence against women: Psychological Issues and Interventions. NARCHI Bulletin, 1, 28-31.
  • Singh, N. & Shukla S.K. (2017). Does violence affect the use of contraception? Identifying the hidden factors from rural India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 6(1), 73-77.
  • Ünal, G. (2005). Aile içi şiddet. Aile ve Toplum Eğitim Kültür ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2(8), 85-92.
  • World Health Organization. (2016). Definition and typology of violence. http://www. Who. İnt/Violenceprevention/Approach/Definition/En/ adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.
  • World Health Organization. (2019). Respect women: preventing violence against women. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/312261/WHO-RHR18.19-eng.pdf?ua=1 adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.

WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE: A COMPARISON OF THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTING AND DESIRE TO AVOID PREGNANCY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 1110 - 1121, 17.03.2023

Esra Güney Esra Karataş Okyay

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1231583

Öz

This cross-sectional study was carried out between 10 October and 10 December 2022 to compare the perceptions of women who were exposed to violence about being a parent and their desire to avoid pregnancy. The data were collected from 657 participants using an online questionnaire. The participants exposed to verbal violence scored higher than those exposed to physical violence (p<0.05). It was also determined that those who experienced verbal, physical, psychological, and sexual violence had higher pregnancy avoidance scores and lower positive parenting perception scores, but the differences between the groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). As a result of the study, it is recommended to increase the education levels of women, provide accurate and timely diagnosis and intervene in violence in the early period, to prevent negative situations that may pose a threat to women's health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

: Avoidance of pregnancy Midwifery Perceptions of parenting Violence Women

Kaynakça

  • Alio, A. P., Daley, E. M., Nana, P. N., Duan, J. & Salihu, H. M. (2009). Intimate partner violence and contraception use among women in Sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 107, 35–38.
  • Almiş, B. H., Kütük, E. K., Gümüştaş, F. & Çelik, M. (2018). Kadınlarda ev içi şiddet için risk faktörleri ve ev içi şiddete uğrayan kadınlarda ruhsal bozulmanın belirleyicileri. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 55, 67−72. https://doi.org/10.29399/npa.19355
  • Alsawalqa, R. O. (2021). Women’s abuse experiences in Jordan: A comparative study using rural and urban classifications. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8, 186(2021). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00853-3
  • Anand, E., Unisa, S. & Singh, J. (2017). Intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent and young adult married women in South Asia. Journal Of Biosocial Science, 49(2), 206-221.
  • Arabaci, L. B. & Uygun, T. (2022). Şiddet uygulayan ve şiddet uygulanan bireylerin özellikleri. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi, 5(1), 38-46.
  • Bagwell-Gray, M. E., Thaller, J., Messing, J. T. & Durfee, A. (2021). Women’s reproductive coercion and pregnancy avoidance: associations with homicide risk, sexual violence, and religious abuse. Violence Against Women, 27(12-13), 2294-2312.
  • Bramhankar, M. & Reshmi, R. S. (2021). Spousal violence against women and its consequences on pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health of women in India. BMC Womens Health, 21(1), 382.
  • Cha, S. & Masho, S. W. (2014). Intimate partner violence and utilization of prenatal care in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(5), 911-927.
  • Clark, C. J., Silverman, J., Khalaf, I. A., Abu Ra'ad, B., Abu Al Sha'ar, Z., Abu Al Ata, A. & Batieha, A. (2008). Intimate partner violence and interference with women's efforts to avoid pregnancy in Jordan. Studies in family planning, 39(2), 123-132.
  • da Costa Marques, D. F. (2012). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy.
  • Demir, S. & Oskay, Ü. Y. (2015). Aile içi şiddetin üreme sağlığına etkisi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(1), 35-38.
  • Donovan, B. M., Spracklen, C. N., Schweizer, M. L., Ryckman, K. K. & Saftlas, A. F. (2016). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and the risk for adverse infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG, 123(8), 1289-1299.
  • Ebrahimi, L. & Mohamadlou, M. (2019). Consequences of domestic violence against women referred to health centers in zanjan: Qualitative research. Preventive Care in Nursing & Midwifery Journal, 9(2), 1-8.
  • Feeney, J. A., Hohaus, L., Noller, P. & Alexander, R. P. (2001). Becoming parents. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Gipson, J. D., Bornstein, M., Berger, A. & Rocca, C. H. (2021). Desire to avoid pregnancy and contraceptive use among female methadone patients in Los Angeles. Contraception. 103(5), 322-327. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.01.019.
  • Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü & T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü (2015). Türkiye’de kadına yönelik aile içi şiddet araştırması. http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/KKSATRAnaRaporKitap26Mart.pdf adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.
  • Hawcroft, C., Hughes, R., Shaheen, A., Usta, J., Elkadi, H., Dalton, T., …Feder, G. (2019). Prevalence and health outcomes of domestic violence amongst clinical populations in Arab countries: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 19, 315(2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6619-2
  • Hisasue, T., Kruse, M., Raitanen, J., Paavilainen, E. & Rissanen, P. (2020). Quality of life, psychological distress and violence among women in close relationships: a population-based study in Finland. BMC Women's Health, 20(1), 1-10.
  • Karaoğlan, Ç. & Sarandöl A. (2020). Şiddet gören kadınların depresyon, psikolojik dayanıklılık ve benlik saygıları üzerine bir araştırma. (Master's thesis). Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa.
  • Kızıldağ, S. & Duran, A. (2017). Ebeveyn olmaya ilişkin algı ölçeği’nin Türkiye’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 8(30), 1696-1713.
  • Lawson, K. L. (2004). Development and psychometric properties of the perceptions of parenting inventory. The Journal of Psychology, 138(5), 433-455.
  • Miller, E., Jordan, B., Levenson, R. & Silverman, J.G. (2010). Reproductive coercion: Connecting the dots between partner violence and unintended pregnancy. Contraception, 81, 457–459.
  • Mundhra, R., Singh, N., Kaushik, S. & Mendiratta, A. (2016). Intimate partner violence: Associated factors and acceptability of contraception among the women. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 41(3), 203-207. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.183589.
  • Nnaemeka, A., Anazodo, N. N. & Okeke, M. I. (2015). Violence against women: Impact on women sexual and reproductive health rights in Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Women's Health, issues and Care, 4(6), e1000208-e1000208.
  • Olorunsaiye, C. Z., Brunner Huber, L., Laditka, S. B., Kulkarni, S. & Suzanne Boyd, A. (2017). Associations between women's perceptions of domestic violence and contraceptive use in seven countries in West and Central Africa. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 13, 110-117.
  • Okyay, E. K., Güney, E. & Uçar T. (2021). Turkish adaptation of the pregnancy avoidance scale: Validity and reliability study. World Woman Conference–II, Online, Azerbaijan. 11-12 February 2021. (Verbal Presentation).
  • Pinquart, M., Stotzka, C. & Silbereisen, R. K. (2008). Personality and ambivalence in decisions about becoming parents. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 36(1), 87-96.
  • Raj, A., McDougal, L., Reed, E. & Silverman, J. G. (2015). Associations of marital violence with different forms of contraception: Cross-sectional findings from South Asia. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 130, E56–E61.
  • Reed, E., Saggurti, N., Donta, B., Ritter, J., Dasgupta, A., Ghule, M., …Raj, A. (2016). Intimate partner violence among married couples in India and contraceptive use reported by women but not husbands. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 133, 22–25.
  • Rocca, C. H., Ralph, L. J., Wilson, M., Gould, H. & Foster, D. G. (2019). Psychometric evaluation of an instrument to measure prospective pregnancy preferences: the desire to avoid pregnancy scale. Medical Care, 57(2), 152.
  • Sahin, S. K. & Cetin, S. (2022). Perception of parenthood among young adults: A cross-sectional study in Turkey. Current Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02524-7
  • Sévon, E. (2005). Timing motherhood: Experiencing and narrating the choice to become a mother. Feminism and Psychology, 15, 461-482.
  • Sharma, K. K., Vatsa, M., Kalaivani, M. & Bhardwaj, D. (2019). Mental health effects of domestic violence against women in Delhi: A community-based study. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 8(7), 2522-2527.
  • Sharma, V. (2021). violence against women: Psychological Issues and Interventions. NARCHI Bulletin, 1, 28-31.
  • Singh, N. & Shukla S.K. (2017). Does violence affect the use of contraception? Identifying the hidden factors from rural India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 6(1), 73-77.
  • Ünal, G. (2005). Aile içi şiddet. Aile ve Toplum Eğitim Kültür ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2(8), 85-92.
  • World Health Organization. (2016). Definition and typology of violence. http://www. Who. İnt/Violenceprevention/Approach/Definition/En/ adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.
  • World Health Organization. (2019). Respect women: preventing violence against women. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/312261/WHO-RHR18.19-eng.pdf?ua=1 adresinden 11.11.2022 tarihinde erişildi.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Esra Güney 0000-0002-9679-9325

Esra Karataş Okyay 0000-0002-6443-8277

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Ocak 2023
Kabul Tarihi 30 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Güney, E., & Karataş Okyay, E. (2023). WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE: A COMPARISON OF THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTING AND DESIRE TO AVOID PREGNANCY. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 11(1), 1110-1121. https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1231583
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