Araştırma Makalesi
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Knowledge and Attitudes of Women of Reproductive Age Regarding the Use of Menstrual Caps

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 115 - 124, 28.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1023079

Öz

Objective: To determine knowledge and attitudes of women of reproductive age (18-49) regarding menstrual cup use.
Methods: The data of descriptive study were collected with a 35-question questionnaire with 605 women who research criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 24 package program. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation were used in evaluation of data, chi-square test was used to compare dependent and independent variables.
Results: 52% of the women participating are in the 18-25 age group, 66,0% are single. 76,0% of women use pads, 29,4% use menstrual cups, they mostly get information about the method used during menstruation from their families (62,0%). 46,0% of the women stated that they had no difficulty in putting on/removing the cup, and 79,0% stated that they were satisfied with using menstrual cup. 88,0% of the women stated that they didn’t experience any side effects. Age, education, marital status, place of residence, income level, Money spent for the method, women sexual intercourse, abortion/curretage, those who think that they harm the environment and those who want a long-term effective menstrual hygiene method that there was a statistical difference between them (p<0,05).
Conclusion: It was found that women didn’t experience any difficulties in putting on/removing menstrual cup, they didn’t serious side effects, they would recommend it to others. In this direction, informing about menstrual cup can be explained that it doesn’t create waste for the environment and it is more convenient in terms of cost, and the use of cups can be encouraged. In this regard, it may be recommended to conduct research with women of different ages and characteristics.

Kaynakça

  • Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği. Taşkın L, editor. Ankara; 2016. 64–67 p.
  • Santra S. Assessment of knowledge regarding menstruation and practices related to maintenance of menstrual hygiene among the women of reproductive age group in a slum of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 Feb 22;4(3):708.
  • Word Health Organization Water and Sanitation. Word Health Organization. 2020. Erişim adresi: https://www.euro.who.int, Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Geethu C, Phoeba Paul E, Thomas JE, Pullan CS, Hemalatha S., Sivakumar T. Appraisal of menstrual hygiene management among women in a rural setting: a prospective study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2016;2191–6.
  • Demir SC, Kadayıfçı TO, Vardar MA, Atay Y. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding and other menstrual problems of secondary school students in Adana, Turkey. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2000 Nov;13(4):171–5.
  • Ersoy B, Balkan C, Gunay T, Onag A, Egemen A. Effects of different socioeconomic conditions on menarche in Turkish female students. Early Hum Dev. 2004 Feb;76(2):115–25.
  • Oskay, Ü , Can, G , Taş, D , Sezgin Ö. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde görülen perimenstrual sorunlar. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 2014;16 (63), 157–64.
  • Polat A, Celik H, Gurates B, Kaya D, Nalbant M, Kavak E, et al. Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in young adult female university students. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Apr 26;279(4):527–32.
  • Yücel G, Kendirci M, Gül Ü. Menstrual characteristics and related problems in 9- to 18-year-old Turkish school girls. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018 Aug;31(4):350–5.
  • Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü Türkiye Kadın Sağlığı Araştırması. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü. 2014. Erişim adresi: ekutuphane.sagem.gov.tr/kitaplar/turkiye_kadin_sagligi_arastirmasi.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 12.11.2021
  • United Nations. Population division. World population prospects. 2019. Erişim adresi: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/, Erişim tarihi: 12.11.2021
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). 2021. Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Kadin-2020-37221, Erişim tarihi: 14.11.2021
  • Kambala C, Chinangwa A, Chipeta E, Torondel B, Morse T. Acceptability of menstrual products interventions for menstrual hygiene management among women and girls in Malawi. Reprod Health. 2020 Dec 23;17(1):185.
  • Van Eijk AM, Zulaika G, Lenchner M, Mason L, Sivakami M, Nyothach E, et al. Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health. 2019 Aug;4(8):e376–93.
  • Efilti P, Timur Ş. Menstrüasyon üzerine söylemler ve ürün tasarımındaki yansımaları. İstanbul; 2019. Erişim adresi: https://avesis.itu.edu.tr/yayin/046f24f7-303a-4523-9a13-b2a067440a3b/menstruasyon-uzerine-soylemler-ve-urun-tasarimindaki-yansimalari
  • Mason L, Nyothach E, Van Eijk AM, Obor D, Alexander KT, Ngere I, et al. Comparing use and acceptability of menstrual cups and sanitary pads by schoolgirls in rural Western Kenya. Int J Reprod Contraception, Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jul 26;8(8):2974.
  • Cumulative Exposure and Feminine Care Products. 2016. Erişim adresi: http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-thefacts/healthandscience/cumulative-exposure-and-feminine-care-products/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Loria K. How to eat less plastic. 2020. Consumer Reports. Erişim adresi: https://napcor.com/news/consumer-reports-response-how-to-eat-less-plastic/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Değirmenci F, Vefikuluçay Yılmaz D. Menstrüel kanın toplanmasında alternatif bir yöntem: Menstrüel kap. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Derg. 2019 Oct 8;186–94.
  • Arenas-Gallo C, Ramírez-Rocha G, González-Hakspiel LC, Merlano-Alcendra C, Palomino-Suárez D, Rueda-Espinel S. Aceptabilidad y seguridad de la copa menstrual: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2020 May 20;71(2).
  • Kaur R, Kaur K, Kaur R. Menstrual hygiene, management and waste disposal: Practices and challenges faced by girls/women of developing countries. J Environ Public Health. 2018:1–9.
  • North BB, Oldham MJ. Preclinical, clinical and over-the-counter Postmarketing experience with a new vaginal cup: Menstrual collection. J Women’s Health. 2011 Feb;20(2):303–11.
  • Mason L, Laserson K, Oruko K, Nyothach E, Alexander K, Odhiambo F, et al. Adolescent schoolgirls’ experiences of menstrual cups and pads in rural western Kenya: a qualitative study. Sahin M, editor. Waterlines. 2015 Jan;34(1):15–30.
  • Hyttel M, Thomsen CF, Luff B, Storrusten H, Nyakato VN, Tellier M. Drivers and challenges to use of menstrual cups among schoolgirls in rural Uganda: a qualitative study. Waterlines. 2017 Apr;36(2):109–24.
  • Kakani CR, Bhatt JK. Study of adaptability and efficacy of menstrual cup in managing menstrual health and hygiene. Int J Reprod Contraception, Obstet Gynecol . 2017 Jun 24;6(7):3045.
  • Stewart K, Greer R, Powell M. Women’s experience of using the Mooncup. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2010 Apr 7;30(3):285–7.
  • Howard C, Rose CL, Trouton K, Stamm H, Marentette D, Kirkpatrick N, et al. FLOW (finding lasting options for women): Multicentre randomized controlled trial comparing tampons with menstrual cups. Can Fam Physician. 2011 Jun;57(6):e208-15.
  • Gharacheh M, Ranjbar F, Hajinasab N, Haghani S. Acceptability and safety of the menstrual cups among Iranian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2021 Dec 13;21(1):105.
  • Pokhrel D, Bhattarai S, Emgård M, von Schickfus M, Forsberg BC, Biermann O. Acceptability and feasibility of using vaginal menstrual cups among schoolgirls in rural Nepal: a qualitative pilot study. Reprod Health. 2021 Dec 25;18(1):20.
  • Beksinska ME, Smit J, Greener R, Todd CS, Lee MT, Maphumulo V, et al. Acceptability and performance of the menstrual cup in South Africa: A Randomized crossover trial comparing the menstrual cup to tampons or sanitary pads. J Women’s Health. 2015 Feb;24(2):151–8.
  • Beksinska M, Nkosi P, Zulu B, Smit J. Acceptability of the menstrual cup among students in further education institutions in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Eur J Contracept Reprod Heal Care. 2021 Jan 2;26(1):11–6.
  • Phillips-Howard PA, Nyothach E, ter Kuile FO, Omoto J, Wang D, Zeh C, et al. Menstrual cups and sanitary pads to reduce school attrition, and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study in rural Western Kenya. BMJ Open. 2016 Nov 23;6(11):e013229.
  • Juma J, Nyothach E, Laserson KF, Oduor C, Arita L, Ouma C, et al. Examining the safety of menstrual cups among rural primary school girls in western Kenya: observational studies nested in a randomised controlled feasibility study. BMJ Open. 2017 May 4;7(4):e015429.
  • Nonfoux L, Chiaruzzi M, Badiou C, Baude J, Tristan A, Thioulouse J, et al. Impact of currently marketed tampons and menstrual cups on staphylococcus aureus growth and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 production ın vitro. Schaffner DW, editor. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Jun 15;84(12).
  • Meghana S, Gomathy E. Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding menstrual cup among reproductive women in a rural tertiary care Hospital. Int J Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2021 Mar 1;5(2):211–4.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). Evlenme ve Boşanma İstatistikleri, 2020. Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Evlenme-ve-Bosanma-Istatistikleri-2020-37211, Erişim tarihi: 14.11.2021
  • African Population and Health Research Center. Attitudes towards, and acceptability of, menstrual cups as a method for managing menstruation: Experiences of women and schoolgirls in Nairobi, Kenya. Policy Brief. 2010:1–8.

Üreme Çağındaki Kadınların Menstrüel Kap Kullanımına İlişkin Bilgi ve Tutumları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 115 - 124, 28.04.2022
https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.1023079

Öz

Amaç: Üreme çağındaki (18-49) kadınların menstrüel kap kullanımına ilişkin bilgi ve tutumlarını belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak yapılan çalışmanın verileri, araştırma kriterlerine uyan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 605 kadın ile 35 soruluk anket formu ile toplandı. Veriler, Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 24 paket programı ile analiz edildi. Verilerin değerlendirmesinde frekans, yüzde, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler, bağımlı ve bağımsız değişkenlerin karşılaştırılmasında ki-kare testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Kadınların %52,0’si 18-25 yaş grubunda ve %66,0’sı bekârdı. Kadınların %76,0’sı hijyenik ped kullandığı, %29,4’ünün menstrüel kap kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Kadınların menstrüasyon döneminde kullanılan yöntem ile ilgili bilgiyi çoğunlukla (%62,0) ailesinden aldığı saptandı. Menstrüel kap kullanan kadınların %46,0’sı kabı takıp/çıkarmada zorlanmadığını, %79,0’u kap kullanmaktan memnun olduğunu belirtti. Kadınların %88,0’i herhangi bir yan etki ile karşılaşmadığını ifade etti. Yaş, eğitim, medeni durum, yaşanılan yer, aylık gelir düzeyi, yöntem için harcanan para, cinsel ilişki deneyimi ve düşük/kürtaj geçirmiş olma durumu ile menstrüel kap kullanımı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p<0,05).
Sonuç: Kadınların menstrüel kabı takıp-çıkarmada herhangi bir zorluk yaşamadığı, ciddi yan etkiler ile karşılaşmadıkları, başkalarına tavsiye edecekleri belirlendi. Bu doğrultuda menstrüel kap ile ilgili bilgilendirmelerin yapılması hem çevreye atık oluşturmadığı hem de maliyet açısından daha uygun olduğu anlatılıp, kap kullanımı teşvik edilebilir. Bu konuda farklı yaş ve özellikteki kadınlar ile araştırmaların yapılması önerilebilir.

Kaynakça

  • Taşkın L. Doğum ve Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği. Taşkın L, editor. Ankara; 2016. 64–67 p.
  • Santra S. Assessment of knowledge regarding menstruation and practices related to maintenance of menstrual hygiene among the women of reproductive age group in a slum of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 Feb 22;4(3):708.
  • Word Health Organization Water and Sanitation. Word Health Organization. 2020. Erişim adresi: https://www.euro.who.int, Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Geethu C, Phoeba Paul E, Thomas JE, Pullan CS, Hemalatha S., Sivakumar T. Appraisal of menstrual hygiene management among women in a rural setting: a prospective study. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2016;2191–6.
  • Demir SC, Kadayıfçı TO, Vardar MA, Atay Y. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding and other menstrual problems of secondary school students in Adana, Turkey. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2000 Nov;13(4):171–5.
  • Ersoy B, Balkan C, Gunay T, Onag A, Egemen A. Effects of different socioeconomic conditions on menarche in Turkish female students. Early Hum Dev. 2004 Feb;76(2):115–25.
  • Oskay, Ü , Can, G , Taş, D , Sezgin Ö. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu öğrencilerinde görülen perimenstrual sorunlar. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 2014;16 (63), 157–64.
  • Polat A, Celik H, Gurates B, Kaya D, Nalbant M, Kavak E, et al. Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in young adult female university students. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009 Apr 26;279(4):527–32.
  • Yücel G, Kendirci M, Gül Ü. Menstrual characteristics and related problems in 9- to 18-year-old Turkish school girls. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2018 Aug;31(4):350–5.
  • Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü Türkiye Kadın Sağlığı Araştırması. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü. 2014. Erişim adresi: ekutuphane.sagem.gov.tr/kitaplar/turkiye_kadin_sagligi_arastirmasi.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 12.11.2021
  • United Nations. Population division. World population prospects. 2019. Erişim adresi: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/, Erişim tarihi: 12.11.2021
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). 2021. Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Kadin-2020-37221, Erişim tarihi: 14.11.2021
  • Kambala C, Chinangwa A, Chipeta E, Torondel B, Morse T. Acceptability of menstrual products interventions for menstrual hygiene management among women and girls in Malawi. Reprod Health. 2020 Dec 23;17(1):185.
  • Van Eijk AM, Zulaika G, Lenchner M, Mason L, Sivakami M, Nyothach E, et al. Menstrual cup use, leakage, acceptability, safety, and availability: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health. 2019 Aug;4(8):e376–93.
  • Efilti P, Timur Ş. Menstrüasyon üzerine söylemler ve ürün tasarımındaki yansımaları. İstanbul; 2019. Erişim adresi: https://avesis.itu.edu.tr/yayin/046f24f7-303a-4523-9a13-b2a067440a3b/menstruasyon-uzerine-soylemler-ve-urun-tasarimindaki-yansimalari
  • Mason L, Nyothach E, Van Eijk AM, Obor D, Alexander KT, Ngere I, et al. Comparing use and acceptability of menstrual cups and sanitary pads by schoolgirls in rural Western Kenya. Int J Reprod Contraception, Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Jul 26;8(8):2974.
  • Cumulative Exposure and Feminine Care Products. 2016. Erişim adresi: http://www.safecosmetics.org/get-thefacts/healthandscience/cumulative-exposure-and-feminine-care-products/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Loria K. How to eat less plastic. 2020. Consumer Reports. Erişim adresi: https://napcor.com/news/consumer-reports-response-how-to-eat-less-plastic/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2021
  • Değirmenci F, Vefikuluçay Yılmaz D. Menstrüel kanın toplanmasında alternatif bir yöntem: Menstrüel kap. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Derg. 2019 Oct 8;186–94.
  • Arenas-Gallo C, Ramírez-Rocha G, González-Hakspiel LC, Merlano-Alcendra C, Palomino-Suárez D, Rueda-Espinel S. Aceptabilidad y seguridad de la copa menstrual: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Rev Colomb Obstet Ginecol. 2020 May 20;71(2).
  • Kaur R, Kaur K, Kaur R. Menstrual hygiene, management and waste disposal: Practices and challenges faced by girls/women of developing countries. J Environ Public Health. 2018:1–9.
  • North BB, Oldham MJ. Preclinical, clinical and over-the-counter Postmarketing experience with a new vaginal cup: Menstrual collection. J Women’s Health. 2011 Feb;20(2):303–11.
  • Mason L, Laserson K, Oruko K, Nyothach E, Alexander K, Odhiambo F, et al. Adolescent schoolgirls’ experiences of menstrual cups and pads in rural western Kenya: a qualitative study. Sahin M, editor. Waterlines. 2015 Jan;34(1):15–30.
  • Hyttel M, Thomsen CF, Luff B, Storrusten H, Nyakato VN, Tellier M. Drivers and challenges to use of menstrual cups among schoolgirls in rural Uganda: a qualitative study. Waterlines. 2017 Apr;36(2):109–24.
  • Kakani CR, Bhatt JK. Study of adaptability and efficacy of menstrual cup in managing menstrual health and hygiene. Int J Reprod Contraception, Obstet Gynecol . 2017 Jun 24;6(7):3045.
  • Stewart K, Greer R, Powell M. Women’s experience of using the Mooncup. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2010 Apr 7;30(3):285–7.
  • Howard C, Rose CL, Trouton K, Stamm H, Marentette D, Kirkpatrick N, et al. FLOW (finding lasting options for women): Multicentre randomized controlled trial comparing tampons with menstrual cups. Can Fam Physician. 2011 Jun;57(6):e208-15.
  • Gharacheh M, Ranjbar F, Hajinasab N, Haghani S. Acceptability and safety of the menstrual cups among Iranian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2021 Dec 13;21(1):105.
  • Pokhrel D, Bhattarai S, Emgård M, von Schickfus M, Forsberg BC, Biermann O. Acceptability and feasibility of using vaginal menstrual cups among schoolgirls in rural Nepal: a qualitative pilot study. Reprod Health. 2021 Dec 25;18(1):20.
  • Beksinska ME, Smit J, Greener R, Todd CS, Lee MT, Maphumulo V, et al. Acceptability and performance of the menstrual cup in South Africa: A Randomized crossover trial comparing the menstrual cup to tampons or sanitary pads. J Women’s Health. 2015 Feb;24(2):151–8.
  • Beksinska M, Nkosi P, Zulu B, Smit J. Acceptability of the menstrual cup among students in further education institutions in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Eur J Contracept Reprod Heal Care. 2021 Jan 2;26(1):11–6.
  • Phillips-Howard PA, Nyothach E, ter Kuile FO, Omoto J, Wang D, Zeh C, et al. Menstrual cups and sanitary pads to reduce school attrition, and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study in rural Western Kenya. BMJ Open. 2016 Nov 23;6(11):e013229.
  • Juma J, Nyothach E, Laserson KF, Oduor C, Arita L, Ouma C, et al. Examining the safety of menstrual cups among rural primary school girls in western Kenya: observational studies nested in a randomised controlled feasibility study. BMJ Open. 2017 May 4;7(4):e015429.
  • Nonfoux L, Chiaruzzi M, Badiou C, Baude J, Tristan A, Thioulouse J, et al. Impact of currently marketed tampons and menstrual cups on staphylococcus aureus growth and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 production ın vitro. Schaffner DW, editor. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Jun 15;84(12).
  • Meghana S, Gomathy E. Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding menstrual cup among reproductive women in a rural tertiary care Hospital. Int J Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2021 Mar 1;5(2):211–4.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUIK). Evlenme ve Boşanma İstatistikleri, 2020. Erişim adresi: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Evlenme-ve-Bosanma-Istatistikleri-2020-37211, Erişim tarihi: 14.11.2021
  • African Population and Health Research Center. Attitudes towards, and acceptability of, menstrual cups as a method for managing menstruation: Experiences of women and schoolgirls in Nairobi, Kenya. Policy Brief. 2010:1–8.
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Şeyma Kilci Erciyas 0000-0002-6282-8933

Ebru Cirban Ekrem 0000-0003-4442-0675

Melike Kalaycı 0000-0003-1926-4367

Nazire Aslı Şahin 0000-0002-0766-4657

Ayşe Aydoğmuş 0000-0003-4410-7929

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Nisan 2022
Kabul Tarihi 17 Şubat 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Kilci Erciyas Ş, Cirban Ekrem E, Kalaycı M, Şahin NA, Aydoğmuş A. Üreme Çağındaki Kadınların Menstrüel Kap Kullanımına İlişkin Bilgi ve Tutumları. Med J West Black Sea. 2022;6(1):115-24.

Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nin bilimsel yayım organıdır.

Ulusal ve uluslararası tüm kurum ve kişilere elektronik olarak ücretsiz ulaşmayı hedefleyen hakemli bir dergidir.

Dergi yılda üç kez olmak üzere Nisan, Ağustos ve Aralık aylarında yayımlanır.

Derginin yayım dili Türkçe ve İngilizcedir.