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Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı, 51 - 58, 26.12.2023

Gönül Aslan

https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1400357

Öz

Tüberküloz (TB), insanlığı etkilediği bilinen en eski hastalıklardan biridir ve halen önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bugün tüberküloz dünyada en sık görülen on ölüm nedeninden biridir. Tüberküloz tarih boyunca milyonlarca ölüme neden olmuş, edebiyat, sanat, müzik vb. üzerinde önemli etki yaratmış, hatta bir dönemin moda trendini değiştirmiştir. On sekizinci yüzyılın sonlarında tüberkülozun fiziksel etkileri, kadınlar için modaya uygun güzellik standartları haline gelmiştir. Nedeni bilinmeyen bu gizemli ve romantik hastalık, sanatçılara da ilham kaynağı olmuştur. Görsel sanatçılar, şairler ve yazarlar bu korkunç hastalığın ölümcül etkilerini yansıtan sanat eserleri ortaya çıkarmışlardır. Tüberküloz, güzellik ve yaratıcılık fikirleriyle iç içe geçerek sanat dünyasında önemli bir yer edinmiştir. Moda ve güzellik standartları, hastalığın vücut üzerinde oluşturduğu etkilerini taklit etmiştir. Bu derlemede, TB’nin moda olarak algılanmasındaki faktörlerin neler olduğu, tarihteki en tuhaf moda trendinin sanat ve edebiyat üzerindeki etkileri, TB moda trendinin; bilimin göz kamaştıran buluşu “Robert Koch'un 1882'de tüberküloz basilini keşfetmesi” ile bir anda ışıltısını kaybetmesiyle toplumsal ve sosyal hayat üzerindeki etkilerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tüberküloz Tüketim Şıklığı tüberküloz modası romantik hastalık beyaz veba Robet Koch

Proje Numarası

1

Kaynakça

  • History Today [Internet]. Consumptive Chic: When Tuberculosis was the Height of Fashion. Available from: https://www.historytoday.com/archive/feature/consumptive-chic-when-tuberculosis-was-height-fashion.
  • Black A. Even in Death she is Beautiful: Confronting Tuberculosis in Art, Literature and Medicine. Granite Journal 2022;7(1):1-14
  • Chalke HD. The impact of tuberculosis on history, literature and art. Med Hist 1962;6(4):301-18.
  • Barberis I, et al. The history of tuberculosis: from the first historical records to the isolation of Koch's bacillus. J Prev Med Hyg 2017;58(1):E9-E12.
  • Lethbridge News Now [Internet]. How Tuberculosis Influenced Victorian Fashion. Available from: https://lethbridgenewsnow.com/2022/02/16/how-tuberculosis-influenced-victorian-fashion/.
  • Frith J. History of tuberculosis. Part 1-phthisis, consumption and the white plague. Journal of Military and Veterans Health 2014;22(2):29-35.
  • Topçu H. Türk Romanında Salgın Hastalıklar. İnsan ve İnsan 2021;8(28):53-69.
  • Day CA. Dying to be Beautiful: Fragile Fashionistas and Consumptive Dress in England, 1780‐1820. Journal for Eighteenth‐Century Studies 2017;40(4):603-20.
  • Mahoney D, Chorba T. Romanticism, Mycobacterium, and the Myth of the Muse. Emerg Infect Dis 2019;25(3):617–8.
  • Lawlor C. Romantic Consumption: The Paradox of Fashionable Breath. In: Fuller D, Saunders C, Macnaughton J, editors. The Life of Breath in Literature, Culture and Medicine: Classical to Contemporary, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan; 2021. pp:285-304.
  • Historic Denver [Internet]. Available from: https://mollybrown.org/beauty-is-in-the-eye-of-the-beholder-how-victorians-used-common-poisons-to-become-drop-dead-gorgeous/.
  • Canadian Broadcasting Corporation [Internet]. From hard pants to consumptive chic: How pandemics influence fashion. Available from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/apocalypse-then-pandemic-fashion-doomed-beauty-1.5808703.
  • Day CA, Rauser A. Thomas Lawrence's Consumptive Chic: Reinterpreting Lady Manners's Hectic Flush in 1794. Eighteenth-Century Studies 2016;49(4):455-74.
  • Greenville Journal [Internet]. Historian Carolyn Day explores one of the strangest fashion trends in history. Available from: https://greenvillejournal.com/arts-culture/historian-carolyn-day-explores-one-strangest-fashion-trends-history/.
  • Science Museum [Internet]. Tuberculosis: A Fashionable Disease?. Available from: https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/tuberculosis-a-fashionable-disease/.
  • Lawlor C. Consumption and literature: The making of the romantic disease. Lawlor C. 1st ed. New York. Palgrave Macmillan; 2007.
  • The Collector [Internet]. Romanticizing Death: Art in the Age of Tuberculosis. Available from: https://www.thecollector.com/tuberculosis-art/.
  • Cultured [Internet]. The Era of 'Tuberculosis Chic'. Available from: https://www.culturedmag.com/article/2023/01/31/tuberculosis-art-movement-aesthetic-history.
  • Dig A History Podcast [Internet]. Tuberculean Chic: How the White Plague Shaped Beauty Standards in the 18th and 19th Centuries. Available from: https://digpodcast.org/2018/05/27/white-plague-tuberculosis/.
  • Death and the Maiden [Internet]. Tubercular Venus: When the Beauty Standard was Dying. Available from: https://deadmaidens.com/2017/03/16/tubercular-venus-when-the-beauty-standard-was-dying/comment-page-1/
  • Literature Arts & Medicine Magazine [Internet]. Dressing Up Tuberculosis: Carolyn A. Day’s Consumptive Chic. Available from: https://medhum.med.nyu.edu/magazine/archives/27153.
  • Murray JF. Historical development of tuberculosis since Robert Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus in 1882. Pneumologie 2007;61(12):764-70.
  • Daniel TM. The history of tuberculosis. Respir Med 2006;100(11):1862-70.
  • Blevins SM, Bronze MS. Robert Koch and the 'golden age' of bacteriology. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14(9):e744-51.
  • Gradmann C. A matter of methods: the historicity of Koch's postulates 1840-2000. Medizinhist J 2008;43(2):121-48.
  • Smithsonian Magazine [Internet]. How Tuberculosis Shaped Victorian Fashion. Available from: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-tuberculosis-shaped-victorian-fashion-180959029/
  • Leyla Mei [Internet]. Your Beard Is Full of Tuberculosis. Available from: https://www.leylamei.com/blog/2014/7/17/your-beard-is-full-of-tuberculosis
  • Houzz.com [Internet]. How the Tuberculosis Pandemic Helped Shape Modernist Architecture. Available from: https://www.houzz.com/magazine/how-the-tuberculosis-pandemic-helped-shape-modernist-architecture-stsetivw-vs~134601849.
  • History Collection [Internet]. Tuberculosis Became the Victorian Standard of Beauty. Available from: https://historycollection.com/tuberculosis-became-the-victorian-standard-of-beauty/3/.
  • Sakula A. Robert Koch: centenary of the discovery of the tubercle bacillus, 1882. Can Vet J 1983;24(4):127-31.

When Tuberculosis Was the Peak of Fashion: Consumption Elegance

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı, 51 - 58, 26.12.2023

Gönül Aslan

https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1400357

Öz

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest diseases known to affect humanity and still remains a significant public health problem. Today, tuberculosis is one of the ten most common causes of death in the world. Tuberculosis has caused millions of deaths throughout history, literature, art, music, etc. It had a significant impact on people and even changed the fashion trends of a period. By the late 18th century, the physical effects of tuberculosis had become fashionable beauty standards for women. This mysterious and romantic disease, the cause of which is unknown, has also been a source of inspiration for artists. Visual artists, poets and writers have created works of art that reflect the deadly effects of this terrible disease. Tuberculosis has gained an important place in the art world by intertwining with ideas of beauty and creativity. Fashion and beauty standards have mimicked the effects of disease on the body. In this review, what are the factors in the perception of TB as fashion, the effects of the strangest fashion trend in history on art and literature, the TB fashion trend; It is aimed to reveal the effects of the dazzling discovery of science on society and social life when it suddenly lost its shine with “Robert Koch's discovery of the tuberculosis bacillus in 1882”.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tuberculosis Consumption Elegance tuberculosis fashion romantic disease white plague Robert Koch

Proje Numarası

1

Kaynakça

  • History Today [Internet]. Consumptive Chic: When Tuberculosis was the Height of Fashion. Available from: https://www.historytoday.com/archive/feature/consumptive-chic-when-tuberculosis-was-height-fashion.
  • Black A. Even in Death she is Beautiful: Confronting Tuberculosis in Art, Literature and Medicine. Granite Journal 2022;7(1):1-14
  • Chalke HD. The impact of tuberculosis on history, literature and art. Med Hist 1962;6(4):301-18.
  • Barberis I, et al. The history of tuberculosis: from the first historical records to the isolation of Koch's bacillus. J Prev Med Hyg 2017;58(1):E9-E12.
  • Lethbridge News Now [Internet]. How Tuberculosis Influenced Victorian Fashion. Available from: https://lethbridgenewsnow.com/2022/02/16/how-tuberculosis-influenced-victorian-fashion/.
  • Frith J. History of tuberculosis. Part 1-phthisis, consumption and the white plague. Journal of Military and Veterans Health 2014;22(2):29-35.
  • Topçu H. Türk Romanında Salgın Hastalıklar. İnsan ve İnsan 2021;8(28):53-69.
  • Day CA. Dying to be Beautiful: Fragile Fashionistas and Consumptive Dress in England, 1780‐1820. Journal for Eighteenth‐Century Studies 2017;40(4):603-20.
  • Mahoney D, Chorba T. Romanticism, Mycobacterium, and the Myth of the Muse. Emerg Infect Dis 2019;25(3):617–8.
  • Lawlor C. Romantic Consumption: The Paradox of Fashionable Breath. In: Fuller D, Saunders C, Macnaughton J, editors. The Life of Breath in Literature, Culture and Medicine: Classical to Contemporary, Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan; 2021. pp:285-304.
  • Historic Denver [Internet]. Available from: https://mollybrown.org/beauty-is-in-the-eye-of-the-beholder-how-victorians-used-common-poisons-to-become-drop-dead-gorgeous/.
  • Canadian Broadcasting Corporation [Internet]. From hard pants to consumptive chic: How pandemics influence fashion. Available from: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/apocalypse-then-pandemic-fashion-doomed-beauty-1.5808703.
  • Day CA, Rauser A. Thomas Lawrence's Consumptive Chic: Reinterpreting Lady Manners's Hectic Flush in 1794. Eighteenth-Century Studies 2016;49(4):455-74.
  • Greenville Journal [Internet]. Historian Carolyn Day explores one of the strangest fashion trends in history. Available from: https://greenvillejournal.com/arts-culture/historian-carolyn-day-explores-one-strangest-fashion-trends-history/.
  • Science Museum [Internet]. Tuberculosis: A Fashionable Disease?. Available from: https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/tuberculosis-a-fashionable-disease/.
  • Lawlor C. Consumption and literature: The making of the romantic disease. Lawlor C. 1st ed. New York. Palgrave Macmillan; 2007.
  • The Collector [Internet]. Romanticizing Death: Art in the Age of Tuberculosis. Available from: https://www.thecollector.com/tuberculosis-art/.
  • Cultured [Internet]. The Era of 'Tuberculosis Chic'. Available from: https://www.culturedmag.com/article/2023/01/31/tuberculosis-art-movement-aesthetic-history.
  • Dig A History Podcast [Internet]. Tuberculean Chic: How the White Plague Shaped Beauty Standards in the 18th and 19th Centuries. Available from: https://digpodcast.org/2018/05/27/white-plague-tuberculosis/.
  • Death and the Maiden [Internet]. Tubercular Venus: When the Beauty Standard was Dying. Available from: https://deadmaidens.com/2017/03/16/tubercular-venus-when-the-beauty-standard-was-dying/comment-page-1/
  • Literature Arts & Medicine Magazine [Internet]. Dressing Up Tuberculosis: Carolyn A. Day’s Consumptive Chic. Available from: https://medhum.med.nyu.edu/magazine/archives/27153.
  • Murray JF. Historical development of tuberculosis since Robert Koch's discovery of the tubercle bacillus in 1882. Pneumologie 2007;61(12):764-70.
  • Daniel TM. The history of tuberculosis. Respir Med 2006;100(11):1862-70.
  • Blevins SM, Bronze MS. Robert Koch and the 'golden age' of bacteriology. Int J Infect Dis 2010;14(9):e744-51.
  • Gradmann C. A matter of methods: the historicity of Koch's postulates 1840-2000. Medizinhist J 2008;43(2):121-48.
  • Smithsonian Magazine [Internet]. How Tuberculosis Shaped Victorian Fashion. Available from: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-tuberculosis-shaped-victorian-fashion-180959029/
  • Leyla Mei [Internet]. Your Beard Is Full of Tuberculosis. Available from: https://www.leylamei.com/blog/2014/7/17/your-beard-is-full-of-tuberculosis
  • Houzz.com [Internet]. How the Tuberculosis Pandemic Helped Shape Modernist Architecture. Available from: https://www.houzz.com/magazine/how-the-tuberculosis-pandemic-helped-shape-modernist-architecture-stsetivw-vs~134601849.
  • History Collection [Internet]. Tuberculosis Became the Victorian Standard of Beauty. Available from: https://historycollection.com/tuberculosis-became-the-victorian-standard-of-beauty/3/.
  • Sakula A. Robert Koch: centenary of the discovery of the tubercle bacillus, 1882. Can Vet J 1983;24(4):127-31.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlığın Sosyal Belirleyicileri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Gönül Aslan 0000-0002-1221-7907

Proje Numarası 1
Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 11 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı

Kaynak Göster

APA Aslan, G. (2023). Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, 13(Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1400357
AMA Aslan G. Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. Aralık 2023;13(Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı):51-58. doi:10.31020/mutftd.1400357
Chicago Aslan, Gönül. “Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13, sy. Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı (Aralık 2023): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1400357.
EndNote Aslan G (01 Aralık 2023) Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13 Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı 51–58.
IEEE G. Aslan, “Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı”, Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, c. 13, sy. Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı, ss. 51–58, 2023, doi: 10.31020/mutftd.1400357.
ISNAD Aslan, Gönül. “Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi 13/Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı (Aralık 2023), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.1400357.
JAMA Aslan G. Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13:51–58.
MLA Aslan, Gönül. “Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı”. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi Ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi, c. 13, sy. Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı, 2023, ss. 51-58, doi:10.31020/mutftd.1400357.
Vancouver Aslan G. Tüberkülozun Modanın Zirvesi Olduğu Zamanlar: Tüketim Şıklığı. Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Lokman Hekim Tıp Tarihi ve Folklorik Tıp Dergisi. 2023;13(Sanat ve Tarih Penceresinden Tüberküloz - 100.Yıl Özel Sayısı):51-8.
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