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Situating a Prism to See ‘All Colors’: Evaluations of the E-school System in Türkiye from the Perspective of Educational Equity

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 146 - 164, 02.05.2024

Pınar Ayyıldız

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.39.11.3

Öz

This research intends to delve into the first-hand information pertaining to learning analytics that belongs to PreK–12 education at micro, meso, and macro levels (Shum, 2012) in Türkiye from the perspective of equity in education through seeking to obtain the views of educational authorities and policy makers viz. school principals, the members of district national education directorate as well as those of Innovation and Educational Technologies General Directorate of MoNE (Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Education). To do so, adopting a qualitative route, the study attempts to inquire into the perceptions of the said groups i.e., 45 participants; in total-with 15 participants from each-about the role and place of the existing “E-school” structure that employs learning analytics towards the use of Big Data in Türkiye. This is realized particularly toward addressing and catering to students at risk alongside the disadvantaged. In this direction the research question is: “How do the decision-making bodies in Türkiye see the current E-school system as regards ensuring and sustaining educational equity?”. The semi-structured interviews aim to direct questions e.g., respecting the situation with school dropouts, the cases of students with special needs, the situation of those who are struggling and of refugees. The findings indicate a superposition; an entangled being of inherent disadvantages and that the present system needs to be further amended to better care for ‘all’ to speak of equity. This study will cast light on the potential value of learning analytics regarding its use for targeting/solving equity problems through the expert opinions from a developing country with highly dynamic demographics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Educational Equity Learning Analytics E-school System. PreK-12 Education.

Kaynakça

  • Adejo, O., & Connolly, T. (2017). Learning analytics in a shared-network educational environment: Ethical issues and countermeasures. Learning, 8(4), 156-163.
  • Aysin, S. (2007). E- institution transformation strategies and the evaluation of the e-government applications of The Ministry of Education by teachers. Master Thesis. Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Ayyıldız, P., & Yılmaz, A. (2021). 'Moving the kaleidoscope' to see the effect of creative personality traits on creative thinking dispositions of pre-service teachers: The mediating effect of creative learning environments and teachers' creativity fostering behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100879, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100879
  • Ayyıldız, P., & Yılmaz, A. (2023a). Effective school management: Leadership capacity of the school principal. D. Outhwaite & C.A. Simon (Edts.). In Leadership and Management for Education Studies: Introducing Key Concepts of Theory and Practice (pp.46-58). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003321439
  • Ayyıldız, P. & Yılmaz, A. (2023b). A New Chapter is Being Written About Writing Instruction: Instructional Leadership at K-12 Levels in The Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 18(4), 82-101. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2023.631.4
  • Bond, J., & Dirkin, K. (2020). What models are instructional designers using today?. The Journal of Applied Instructional Design, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.51869/92jbkd
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 24(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
  • Brown, M. (2012). Learning analytics: Moving from concept to practice. ELI briefs, educase learning initiative.
  • Chaudhuri, S., Dayal, U., & Narasayya, V. (2011). An overview of business intelligence technology. Communications of the ACM, 54(8), 88-98.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison. 2018. Research methods in education. 8th ed. New York: Routledge.
  • Clow, D. (2012). The learning analytics cycle. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge–LAK’12 (p.134). https://doi.org/10.1145/2330601.2330636
  • De Liddo, A., Sándor, Á., & Shum, S.B. (2012). Contested collective intelligence: Rationale, technologies, and a human-machine annotation study. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 21, 4-5. https://oro.open.ac.uk/31052
  • State Planning Organization (SPO, 2005). E-devlet proje ve uygulamaları (E-government projects and applications). 11.04.2023. https://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/yayin/ eDevletProjeveUygulamalari.pdf
  • SPO (2006). E-dönüşüm Türkiye projesi’nin amaçları ve yapılan çalışmalar (Objectives of the E-transformation Türkiye project and activities carried out). 12.04.2023. https://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/edtr.asp
  • Dulger, E. (2020). Big data technology in today’s education systems: Learning Analytics. European Journal of Science and Technology, (Special Issue), 353-361.
  • Duzenli-Cil, B., Akgün, E., & Karaoğlan-Yılmaz, F.G. (2022). A content analysis study on learning analytics and motivation. The Journal of Buca Faculty of Education, 53, 409-426.
  • Ferguson, R. (2012). Learning analytics: Drivers, developments and challenges. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 4(5-6), 304-317. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTEL.2012.051816
  • Greller, W., & Drachsler, H. (2012). Translating learning into numbers: A generic framework for learning analytics. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 15(3), 42-57.
  • Holmes, W., Nguyen, Q., Zhang, J., Mavrikis, M., & Rienties, B. (2019). Learning analytics for learning design in online distance learning. Distance Education, 40(3), 309-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2019.1637716
  • Hussin, A.A. (2018). Education 4.0 made simple: Ideas for teaching. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 6(3), 92-98.
  • Inan, A., Nergiz, M.E., & Saygın, Y. (2017). Student data protection: A technical assessment in the context of the Fatih Project. Journal of Information Technologies, 10(1), 67-77.
  • Kaliisa, R., Mørch, A.I., & Kluge, A. (2021). My point of departure for analytics is extreme skepticism: Implications derived from an investigation of university teachers’ learning analytics perspectives and design practices. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-020-09488-w
  • Karaoğlan-Yılmaz, F.G. (2020). Modeling different variables in flipped classrooms supported with learning analytics feedback. Journal of Information and Communication Technologies, 2(1), 1-16.
  • Koca, M.H. (2019). Prediction of secondary school students' course achievement levels using learning analytics. Master Thesis. Yıldız Teknik University, İstanbul.
  • Long, P., & Siemens, G. (2014). Penetrating the fog: Analytics in learning and education. Italian Journal of Educational Technology, 22(3), 132-137.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mutlu-Bayraktar, D. (2017). Assessment of the usability of “e-Okul” management information system via eye-tracking method. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches, 6(5), 2908-2928.
  • Oz, O., & Arastaman, G. (2022). School principals' opinions on data-based school management: A case study. Participatory Educational Research, 9(3), 132-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17275/per.22.58.9.3.
  • Oztemel, E. (2018). Evaluation of new directions in education and education 4.0. Journal of University Research, 1(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.32329/uad.382041
  • Rienties, B., & Jones, A. (2019). Evidence-based learning: Futures. Using learning design and learning analytics to empower teachers to meet students’ diverse needs. In: F., Rebecca, J., Ann, & S., Eileen (eds.) Educational Visions: The lessons from 40 years of innovation, (109-125). London: Ubiquity Press. https://doi.org/10.5334/bcg.g
  • Rienties, B., Boroowa, A., Cross, S., Kubiak, C., Mayles, K., & Murphy, S. (2016). Analytics action evaluation framework: A Review of evidence-based learning analytics interventions at the Open University UK. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 1(2), 1–11. http://doi.org/10.5334/jime.394
  • Saritas, M.T., Yıldız, E., & Durusoy, O. (2013). Perspectives of teachers and administrators on the use of e-school system at schools. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 7(2), 178-194. https://dx.doi.org/10.12973/nefmed206
  • Shum, S.B. (2012). Learning analytics. UNESCO policy brief. 15/05/2023. http://iite.unesco.org/files/policy_briefs/pdf/en/learning_analytics.pdf.
  • Siemens, G., Dawson, S., & Lynch, G. (2013). Improving the quality and productivity of the higher education sector. Policy and Strategy for Systems-Level Deployment of Learning Analytics. Canberra, Australia: Society for Learning Analytics Research for the Australian Office for Learning and Teaching.
  • Somyurek, S., Guyer, T., Atasoy, B. ve Unal, M., (2021). E-Learning environments and learning analytics. Journal of Information Technologies, 14(3), 327‐336. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.709798
  • Takci, H., Aydemir, N. (2018). Collective use of multiple information access centers with big data approach. Journal of Information Technologies, 11(2), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.324869
  • Tuncay, B., & Polat, S. (2019). Determination of self-respect and school success of the healthy siblings of the mentally disabled children. Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Health Science, 10(3), 284-288. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.517323
  • Tutsun, E. (2020). Learning analytics and applications in higher education. Journal of Information Technologies, 13(3), 243-254. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.688052
  • URL-1 (2023). E-school portal. 11.07.2023. https://e-okul.meb.gov.tr/
  • Uysal, M. (2021). Development of learning analytics dashboard that supports self-regulated learning in online learning environments. Doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University, Sakarya.
  • Wong, J., Baars, M., de Koning, B. B., van der Zee, T., Davis, D., Khalil, M., ... & Paas, F. (2019). Educational theories and learning analytics: From data to knowledge. In Utilizing learning analytics to support study success (pp. 3-25). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64792-0_1
  • Yilmaz, A. (2010). Ilköğretimde fayda-maliyet analizi (Cost-benefit analysis in primary education). Milli Eğitim Dergisi (National Education Journal), 188, 7-18.
  • Yilmaz, O., & Akbaba, A. (2013). The perceptions of elementary school administrators and teachers concerning the e-school application of the ministry of national education. Atatürk University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 17(3), 181-204.
  • Yılmaz, A. (2024). Enhancing the Professional Skills Development Project MESGEP): An Attempt to Facilitate Ecological Awareness. Participatory Educational Research, 11(1), 16-31. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.2.11.1

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 146 - 164, 02.05.2024

Pınar Ayyıldız

https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.39.11.3

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adejo, O., & Connolly, T. (2017). Learning analytics in a shared-network educational environment: Ethical issues and countermeasures. Learning, 8(4), 156-163.
  • Aysin, S. (2007). E- institution transformation strategies and the evaluation of the e-government applications of The Ministry of Education by teachers. Master Thesis. Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Ayyıldız, P., & Yılmaz, A. (2021). 'Moving the kaleidoscope' to see the effect of creative personality traits on creative thinking dispositions of pre-service teachers: The mediating effect of creative learning environments and teachers' creativity fostering behavior. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 41, 100879, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100879
  • Ayyıldız, P., & Yılmaz, A. (2023a). Effective school management: Leadership capacity of the school principal. D. Outhwaite & C.A. Simon (Edts.). In Leadership and Management for Education Studies: Introducing Key Concepts of Theory and Practice (pp.46-58). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003321439
  • Ayyıldız, P. & Yılmaz, A. (2023b). A New Chapter is Being Written About Writing Instruction: Instructional Leadership at K-12 Levels in The Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 18(4), 82-101. https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2023.631.4
  • Bond, J., & Dirkin, K. (2020). What models are instructional designers using today?. The Journal of Applied Instructional Design, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.51869/92jbkd
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 24(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
  • Brown, M. (2012). Learning analytics: Moving from concept to practice. ELI briefs, educase learning initiative.
  • Chaudhuri, S., Dayal, U., & Narasayya, V. (2011). An overview of business intelligence technology. Communications of the ACM, 54(8), 88-98.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison. 2018. Research methods in education. 8th ed. New York: Routledge.
  • Clow, D. (2012). The learning analytics cycle. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge–LAK’12 (p.134). https://doi.org/10.1145/2330601.2330636
  • De Liddo, A., Sándor, Á., & Shum, S.B. (2012). Contested collective intelligence: Rationale, technologies, and a human-machine annotation study. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 21, 4-5. https://oro.open.ac.uk/31052
  • State Planning Organization (SPO, 2005). E-devlet proje ve uygulamaları (E-government projects and applications). 11.04.2023. https://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/yayin/ eDevletProjeveUygulamalari.pdf
  • SPO (2006). E-dönüşüm Türkiye projesi’nin amaçları ve yapılan çalışmalar (Objectives of the E-transformation Türkiye project and activities carried out). 12.04.2023. https://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/edtr.asp
  • Dulger, E. (2020). Big data technology in today’s education systems: Learning Analytics. European Journal of Science and Technology, (Special Issue), 353-361.
  • Duzenli-Cil, B., Akgün, E., & Karaoğlan-Yılmaz, F.G. (2022). A content analysis study on learning analytics and motivation. The Journal of Buca Faculty of Education, 53, 409-426.
  • Ferguson, R. (2012). Learning analytics: Drivers, developments and challenges. International Journal of Technology Enhanced Learning, 4(5-6), 304-317. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJTEL.2012.051816
  • Greller, W., & Drachsler, H. (2012). Translating learning into numbers: A generic framework for learning analytics. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 15(3), 42-57.
  • Holmes, W., Nguyen, Q., Zhang, J., Mavrikis, M., & Rienties, B. (2019). Learning analytics for learning design in online distance learning. Distance Education, 40(3), 309-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2019.1637716
  • Hussin, A.A. (2018). Education 4.0 made simple: Ideas for teaching. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 6(3), 92-98.
  • Inan, A., Nergiz, M.E., & Saygın, Y. (2017). Student data protection: A technical assessment in the context of the Fatih Project. Journal of Information Technologies, 10(1), 67-77.
  • Kaliisa, R., Mørch, A.I., & Kluge, A. (2021). My point of departure for analytics is extreme skepticism: Implications derived from an investigation of university teachers’ learning analytics perspectives and design practices. Technology, Knowledge and Learning, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-020-09488-w
  • Karaoğlan-Yılmaz, F.G. (2020). Modeling different variables in flipped classrooms supported with learning analytics feedback. Journal of Information and Communication Technologies, 2(1), 1-16.
  • Koca, M.H. (2019). Prediction of secondary school students' course achievement levels using learning analytics. Master Thesis. Yıldız Teknik University, İstanbul.
  • Long, P., & Siemens, G. (2014). Penetrating the fog: Analytics in learning and education. Italian Journal of Educational Technology, 22(3), 132-137.
  • Miles, M.B., & Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Mutlu-Bayraktar, D. (2017). Assessment of the usability of “e-Okul” management information system via eye-tracking method. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches, 6(5), 2908-2928.
  • Oz, O., & Arastaman, G. (2022). School principals' opinions on data-based school management: A case study. Participatory Educational Research, 9(3), 132-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.17275/per.22.58.9.3.
  • Oztemel, E. (2018). Evaluation of new directions in education and education 4.0. Journal of University Research, 1(1), 25-30. https://doi.org/10.32329/uad.382041
  • Rienties, B., & Jones, A. (2019). Evidence-based learning: Futures. Using learning design and learning analytics to empower teachers to meet students’ diverse needs. In: F., Rebecca, J., Ann, & S., Eileen (eds.) Educational Visions: The lessons from 40 years of innovation, (109-125). London: Ubiquity Press. https://doi.org/10.5334/bcg.g
  • Rienties, B., Boroowa, A., Cross, S., Kubiak, C., Mayles, K., & Murphy, S. (2016). Analytics action evaluation framework: A Review of evidence-based learning analytics interventions at the Open University UK. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 1(2), 1–11. http://doi.org/10.5334/jime.394
  • Saritas, M.T., Yıldız, E., & Durusoy, O. (2013). Perspectives of teachers and administrators on the use of e-school system at schools. Necatibey Faculty of Education Electronic Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 7(2), 178-194. https://dx.doi.org/10.12973/nefmed206
  • Shum, S.B. (2012). Learning analytics. UNESCO policy brief. 15/05/2023. http://iite.unesco.org/files/policy_briefs/pdf/en/learning_analytics.pdf.
  • Siemens, G., Dawson, S., & Lynch, G. (2013). Improving the quality and productivity of the higher education sector. Policy and Strategy for Systems-Level Deployment of Learning Analytics. Canberra, Australia: Society for Learning Analytics Research for the Australian Office for Learning and Teaching.
  • Somyurek, S., Guyer, T., Atasoy, B. ve Unal, M., (2021). E-Learning environments and learning analytics. Journal of Information Technologies, 14(3), 327‐336. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.709798
  • Takci, H., Aydemir, N. (2018). Collective use of multiple information access centers with big data approach. Journal of Information Technologies, 11(2), 123-129. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.324869
  • Tuncay, B., & Polat, S. (2019). Determination of self-respect and school success of the healthy siblings of the mentally disabled children. Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Health Science, 10(3), 284-288. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.517323
  • Tutsun, E. (2020). Learning analytics and applications in higher education. Journal of Information Technologies, 13(3), 243-254. https://doi.org/10.17671/gazibtd.688052
  • URL-1 (2023). E-school portal. 11.07.2023. https://e-okul.meb.gov.tr/
  • Uysal, M. (2021). Development of learning analytics dashboard that supports self-regulated learning in online learning environments. Doctoral dissertation. Sakarya University, Sakarya.
  • Wong, J., Baars, M., de Koning, B. B., van der Zee, T., Davis, D., Khalil, M., ... & Paas, F. (2019). Educational theories and learning analytics: From data to knowledge. In Utilizing learning analytics to support study success (pp. 3-25). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64792-0_1
  • Yilmaz, A. (2010). Ilköğretimde fayda-maliyet analizi (Cost-benefit analysis in primary education). Milli Eğitim Dergisi (National Education Journal), 188, 7-18.
  • Yilmaz, O., & Akbaba, A. (2013). The perceptions of elementary school administrators and teachers concerning the e-school application of the ministry of national education. Atatürk University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 17(3), 181-204.
  • Yılmaz, A. (2024). Enhancing the Professional Skills Development Project MESGEP): An Attempt to Facilitate Ecological Awareness. Participatory Educational Research, 11(1), 16-31. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.2.11.1
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Yönetimi
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

Pınar Ayyıldız 0009-0001-2535-6041

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 7 Mayıs 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Nisan 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Nisan 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Ayyıldız, P. (2024). Situating a Prism to See ‘All Colors’: Evaluations of the E-school System in Türkiye from the Perspective of Educational Equity. Participatory Educational Research, 11(3), 146-164. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.24.39.11.3
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