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Career Values and Occupational Aspirations of Adolescents and Their Parents Aspire for the Future of Their Child

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: Ek 1, 215 - 225, 29.12.2022

Nurten Karacan Özdemir Yusuf Cihat As

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1126173

Öz

This qualitative explorative case study investigated career values and occupational aspirations of adolescent girls and boys and those that their parents aspired to for their child’s future. 45 high school students (53% girls) and their parents (n=45), from a relatively collectivist city in the Southeast region of Turkey participated to the study. Results showed that girls and their parents noted economic security; boys and their parents mentioned cultural identity, in common. Girls, boys, and their parents, all, attached importance to prestige, achievement, and loyalty to family. It was seen that both girls and boys appreciated leisure time besides work and life style, differently from their parents. In terms of occupational aspirations, while adolescent girls aspired to be English language teacher, doctor, nurse, and architect, mostly, adolescent boys aspired to be military pilot and officer, police officer, and doctor in the future. Girls' parents mentioned doctor, nurse, teacher, and lawyer and boys’ parents underlined engineer, lawyer and police officer as their aspirations for their children’s future occupations. The results implied the role of parental and contextual influences within a communal culture as well as adolescents’ own generational characteristics on career values and occupational aspirations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Career values occupational aspirations adolescents parental aspirations culture

Kaynakça

  • Bacanlı, F. (2016). Career decision-making difficulties of Turkish adolescents. International Journal of Educational and Vocational Guidance, 16(2), 233–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1077 5-015-9304-8.
  • Bacanlı, F., Yıldız Akyol, E., Kaynak, S., & Özhan, M. B. (2018). Adaptation of the Adolescent-Parent Career Congruence Scale into Turkish. Ege Journal of Education, 19(2), 389-407. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.396759
  • Barni, D., & Knafo, A. (2012). Value Systems of fathers, mothers and adolescents: Do parents and their children construe basic values in the same way. Survey Research Methods, 6(1), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2012.v6i1.5089
  • Başkaya, Z., & Ünal, A. (2017). Temporal change of marriage and divorce rates at provincial levels in Turkey (2001-2015). The Journal of International Social Research, 10(53), 338-358. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20175334124
  • Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), 544-556. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/
  • Betz, N. E. (2005). Women’s Career Development. In S. D., Brown, & R. W., Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp.253-280). John Wiley.
  • Brown, D. (1996). Brown’s values-based, holistic model of career and life-role choices and satisfaction. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (pp. 337–372). Jossey-Bass.
  • Brown, D. (2002). The role of work and cultural values in occupational choice, satisfaction, and success: A theoretical statement. Journal of Counseling & Development, 80(1), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2002.tb00165.x
  • Brown, D., & Crace, R. K. (1996). Values in life role choices and outcomes: a conceptual model. Career Development Quarterly, 44(3), 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1996.tb00252.x
  • Bu, N., & McKeen, C. A. (2001). Work goals among male and female business students in Canada and China: The effects of culture and gender. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190010014575
  • Casas, F., Coenders, G., Figuer, C., González, M., & Malo, S. (2010). Relationships between adolescents’ and parents’ values and parents’ answering behavior. Metodološki zvezki, 7(2), 133-149.
  • Chow, A., Galambos, N. L., & Krahn, H. J., (2017). Work values during the transition to adulthood and mid-life satisfaction: Cascading effects across 25 years. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 41(1), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025415608518
  • Dawis, R. V., & Lofquist, L. H. (1984). A psychological theory of work adjustment: An individual differences model and its applications. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Duffy, R. D., & Sedlacek, W. E. (2007). The work values of first-year college students: Exploring group differences. The Career Development Quarterly, 55(4), 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2007.tb00090.x
  • Eisenhardt, K., M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532-550. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/258557
  • Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton.
  • Fivush, R., Bohanek, J. G., Zaman, W., & Grapin, S. (2012). Gender differences in adolescents’ autobiographical narratives. Journal of Cognition and Development, 13(3), 295-319. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2011.590787
  • Fouad, N. A., Kantamneni, N., Smothers, M. K., Chen, Y.-L., Fitzpatrick, M., & Terry, S. (2008). Asian American career development: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72, 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.10.002
  • Geniş, Ş., & Adaş, E. B. (2011). Demographic and socio-economic structure of gaziantep city population: Notes from a fieldwork. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 293-321.
  • Ginzberg, E., Ginsburg, S. W., Axelrod, S., & Herma, J. L. (1951). Occupational choice: An approach to a general theory. Columbia University Press.
  • Gottfredson, L. S. (2002). Gottfredson’s theory of circumscription, compromise, and selfcreation. In D. Brown & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (4th ed., pp. 85- 148). Jossey-Bass.
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  • Heilman, M. E. (2001). Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 657–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00234
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Ergenlerin ve Ailelerinin Çocuklarının Geleceklerine Atfettikleri Kariyer Değerleri ve Kariyer Umuları

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: Ek 1, 215 - 225, 29.12.2022

Nurten Karacan Özdemir Yusuf Cihat As

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1126173

Öz

Keşfedici durum çalışması desenine dayalı bu nitel araştırmada, ergenlerin kendi geleceklerine ve ebeveynlerinin çocuklarının geleceğine yönelik atfettikleri kariyer değerleri ile mesleki umuları karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışmaya, Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki görece toplulukçu kültüre dayalı bir şehirden 45 lise öğrencisi (%53'ü kız) ve onların bir ebeveyni (N=45) katılmıştır. Bulgulara göre; kız ergenler ve ebeveynleri tarafından ortak bir şekilde vurgulanan kariyer değeri ekonomik güvence olurken, erkek ergenler ve ebeveynleri tarafından ortak olarak vurgulanan kariyer değeri kültürel kimlik olmuştur. Ergen kızlar, erkekler ve onların aileleri tarafından ortak olarak vurgulanan kariyer değerleri ise; saygınlık, başarı ve aileye sadakat olmuştur. Ebeveynlerinden farklı olarak hem kız ergenlerin hem de erkek ergenlerin serbest zamana sahip olma ve yaşam stilini önemsedikleri görülmüştür. Mesleki umular olarak kız ergenler, çoğunlukla gelecekte İngilizce öğretmeni, doktor, hemşire ve mimar olmak istediklerini ifade ederken erkek ergenler askeri pilot, subay, polis ve doktor olmak istediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Kız ergenlerin ebeveynleri çocuklarının gelecekte doktor, hemşire, öğretmen ve avukat olmalarını isterken, erkek ergenlerin ebeveynleri ise çocuklarının mühendis, avukat ve polis olmalarını istediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Bu bulguların, birarada değerlendirildiğinde, hem aile hem de toplulukçu kültür gibi bağlamsal özelliklerin ergenlerin kariyer değerlerinin ve mesleki umularının oluşması ve şekillenmesi üzerindeki rollerine işaret ettiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kariyer değerleri mesleki umular ergenler ebeveynler kültür

Kaynakça

  • Bacanlı, F. (2016). Career decision-making difficulties of Turkish adolescents. International Journal of Educational and Vocational Guidance, 16(2), 233–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1077 5-015-9304-8.
  • Bacanlı, F., Yıldız Akyol, E., Kaynak, S., & Özhan, M. B. (2018). Adaptation of the Adolescent-Parent Career Congruence Scale into Turkish. Ege Journal of Education, 19(2), 389-407. https://doi.org/10.12984/egeefd.396759
  • Barni, D., & Knafo, A. (2012). Value Systems of fathers, mothers and adolescents: Do parents and their children construe basic values in the same way. Survey Research Methods, 6(1), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.18148/srm/2012.v6i1.5089
  • Başkaya, Z., & Ünal, A. (2017). Temporal change of marriage and divorce rates at provincial levels in Turkey (2001-2015). The Journal of International Social Research, 10(53), 338-358. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.20175334124
  • Baxter, P., & Jack, S. (2008). Qualitative case study methodology: Study design and implementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13(4), 544-556. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/
  • Betz, N. E. (2005). Women’s Career Development. In S. D., Brown, & R. W., Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp.253-280). John Wiley.
  • Brown, D. (1996). Brown’s values-based, holistic model of career and life-role choices and satisfaction. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development (pp. 337–372). Jossey-Bass.
  • Brown, D. (2002). The role of work and cultural values in occupational choice, satisfaction, and success: A theoretical statement. Journal of Counseling & Development, 80(1), 48–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2002.tb00165.x
  • Brown, D., & Crace, R. K. (1996). Values in life role choices and outcomes: a conceptual model. Career Development Quarterly, 44(3), 211–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1996.tb00252.x
  • Bu, N., & McKeen, C. A. (2001). Work goals among male and female business students in Canada and China: The effects of culture and gender. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 12(2), 166-183. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190010014575
  • Casas, F., Coenders, G., Figuer, C., González, M., & Malo, S. (2010). Relationships between adolescents’ and parents’ values and parents’ answering behavior. Metodološki zvezki, 7(2), 133-149.
  • Chow, A., Galambos, N. L., & Krahn, H. J., (2017). Work values during the transition to adulthood and mid-life satisfaction: Cascading effects across 25 years. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 41(1), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025415608518
  • Dawis, R. V., & Lofquist, L. H. (1984). A psychological theory of work adjustment: An individual differences model and its applications. University of Minnesota Press.
  • Duffy, R. D., & Sedlacek, W. E. (2007). The work values of first-year college students: Exploring group differences. The Career Development Quarterly, 55(4), 359–364. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2007.tb00090.x
  • Eisenhardt, K., M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532-550. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/258557
  • Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton.
  • Fivush, R., Bohanek, J. G., Zaman, W., & Grapin, S. (2012). Gender differences in adolescents’ autobiographical narratives. Journal of Cognition and Development, 13(3), 295-319. https://doi.org/10.1080/15248372.2011.590787
  • Fouad, N. A., Kantamneni, N., Smothers, M. K., Chen, Y.-L., Fitzpatrick, M., & Terry, S. (2008). Asian American career development: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72, 43–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.10.002
  • Geniş, Ş., & Adaş, E. B. (2011). Demographic and socio-economic structure of gaziantep city population: Notes from a fieldwork. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 293-321.
  • Ginzberg, E., Ginsburg, S. W., Axelrod, S., & Herma, J. L. (1951). Occupational choice: An approach to a general theory. Columbia University Press.
  • Gottfredson, L. S. (2002). Gottfredson’s theory of circumscription, compromise, and selfcreation. In D. Brown & Associates (Eds.), Career choice and development (4th ed., pp. 85- 148). Jossey-Bass.
  • Hardy, S. A. & Carlo, G. (2011). Moral Identity: What is it, how does it develop, and it is linked to moral action? Child Development Perspectives, 5(3), 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00189.x
  • Heilman, M. E. (2001). Description and prescription: How gender stereotypes prevent women’s ascent up the organizational ladder. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 657–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00234
  • Hirschi, A. (2010). Positive adolescent development: The role of intrinsic and extrinsic work values. Career Development Quarterly, 58(3), 276-287. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2010.tb00193.x
  • Hitlin, S., & Piliavin, J. A. (2004). Values: Reviving a dormant concept. Annual Review of Sociology, 30, 359–393. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110640
  • Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage. Hwang, M., Choi, H., & Thaier, C. (2018). The effect of a career reading program on career maturity and work value of elementary school students in Korea. Asia Pacific Career Development Journal, 1(1), 19-34.
  • Jacobs, J. E., Chhin, C. S., & Bleeker, M. M. (2006). Enduring links: Parents' expectations and their young adult children's gender-typed occupational choices. Educational Research & Evaluation, 12(4), 395-407. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803610600765851
  • Jensen, L. A. (2003). Coming of age in a multicultural world: Globalization and adolescent cultural identity formation. Applied Developmental Science, 7(3), 188–195. https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532480XADS0703_10
  • Jensen, L. A., Arnett, J. J., & McKenzie, J. (2011). Globalization and cultural identity developments in adolescence and emerging adulthood. In S. J. Schwartz, K. Luyckx, & V. L. Vignoles (Eds.), Handbook of identity theory and research (pp. 285–301). Springer Publishing Company
  • Jin, J., & Rounds, J. (2012). Stability and change in work values: A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(2), 326-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.10.007
  • Jodl, K. M., Michael, A., Malanchuk, O., Eccles, J. S., & Sameroff, A. (2001). Parents' roles in shaping early adolescents' occupational aspirations. Child Development, 72, 1247-1266. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00345
  • Johnson, M. K. (2002). Social origins, adolescent experiences, and work value trajectories during the transition to adulthood. Social Forces, 80(4), 1307–1341. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2002.0028
  • Johnson, M. K. (2001). Change in job values during the transition to adulthood. Work and Occupations, 28(3), 315-345. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888401028003004
  • Johnson, M. K., & Mortimer, J. T. (2011). Origins and outcomes of judgments about work. Social Forces, 89(4), 1239–1260. https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2011.0056
  • Karacan-Ozdemir, N., & Yerin Guneri, O. (2017). The factors contribute to career adaptability of high school students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 67, 183–198. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2017.67.11.
  • Konrad, A. M., Ritchie, J. E., Jr., Lieb, P., & Corrigall, E. (2000). Sex differences and similarities in job attribute preferences: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 593–641. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.126.4.593
  • Kuczynski, L. (2003). Beyond bidirectionality: Bilateral conceptual frameworks for understanding dynamics in parent-child relations. In L Kuczynski (Ed.), Handbook of dynamics in parent-child relations (pp.1-24). Sage.
  • Kulik, L. (2002). Like-sex versus opposite-sex effects in transmission of gender role ideology from parents to adolescents in Israel. Journal of Youth and adolescence, 31(6), 451–457.
  • Leong, F. T. L., & Serafica, F. C. (1995). Career development of Asian Americans: A research area in need of a good theory. In F. T. L. Leong (Ed.), Career development and vocational behavior of racial and ethnic minorities (pp. 67–102). Erlbaum.
  • Ma, P.-W., & Yeh, C. J. (2010). Individual and familial factors influencing the educational and career plans of Chinese immigrant youths. Career Development Quarterly, 58(3), 230–245. https://doi.org/10.1002/j. 2161-0045.2010.tb00189.x
  • Madill,H. M., Montgomerie,T. C., & Stewin, L. L. (2000). Young women’s work values and role salience in grade 11: Are there changes three years later? Career Development Quarterly, 49, 16-28. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2000.tb00748.x
  • Marini, M. M., Fan, P., Finley, E., & Beutel, A. M. (1996). Gender and job values. Sociology of Education, 69, 49-65. https://doi.org/10.2307/2112723
  • McMahon, M., & Patton, W. (1997). Gender differences in children and adolescents’ perceptions of influences on their career. School Counselor, 44(5), 368-378.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Sage.
  • Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management. (2017). The report of executive action. http://www.goc.gov.tr/files/files/Goc_%20idaresi_2017_.pdf
  • Nevill, D. D. & Super, D. E. (1989). The values scale: Theory, application, and research (2nd ed.). Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Owens, B. P., & Hekman, D. R. (2012). Modeling how to grow: An inductive examination of humble leader behaviors, contingencies, and outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 55, 787–818. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0441
  • Porfeli, E. J. (2007). Work values system development during adolescence. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70(1), 42–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.04.005
  • Post-Kammer, P. (1987). Intrinsic and extrinsic work values and career maturity of 9th- and 11th-grade boys and girls. Journal of Counseling and Development, 65(8),, 420–423. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1987.tb00746.x
  • Rehfuss, M. C. (2009). The Future Career Autobiography: A narrative measure of career intervention effectiveness. Career Development Quarterly, 58(1), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2009.tb00177.x
  • Rehfuss, M., & Di Fabio, A. (2012). Validating the Future Career Autobiography as a measure of narrative change. Journal of Career Assessment, 20(4), 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072712450005
  • Roe, R. A., & Ester, P. (1999). Values and work: Empirical findings and theoretical perspective. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1999.tb00046.x
  • Rojewski, J.W. (2005). Occupational aspirations: Constructs, meanings, and application. In In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 131-154). John Wiley.
  • Rokeach, M. (1973). The nature of human values. Free Press.
  • Ros, M., Schwartz, S. H., & Surkiss, S. (1999). Basic individual values, work values, and the meaning of work. Applied Psychology, 48, 49–71. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1999.tb00048.x
  • Saleem, N., Hanan, M. A., Saleem, I., & Shamshad, R. M. (2014). Career selection: Role of parent’s profession, mass media and personal choice. Bulletin of Education and Research, 36(2), 25-37.
  • Sawitri, D. R., Creed, P. A., & Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J. (2013). Parental influences and adolescent career behaviours in a collectivist cultural setting. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 14(2), 161-180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-013-9247-
  • Schoon I., & Polek, E. (2011). Teenage career aspirations and adult career attainment: The role of gender, social, background and general cognitive ability. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 35(3), 210-217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025411398183
  • Schulenberg, J., Vondracek, F. W., & Kim, J. (1993). Career certainty and short-term career certainty and short-term changes in work values during adolescence. The Career Development Quarterly, 41, 268–284. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1993.tb00377.x
  • Sümer, N., Pauknerova, D., Vancea, M., & Manuoğlu, E. (2019). Inter- generational transmission of work values in Czech Republic, Spain, and Turkey: Parent-child similarity and the moderating role of parenting behaviors. ANNALS, 86-105. https://doi.org/0.1177/0002716219830953
  • Super, D. E. (1990). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. In D. Brown & L. Brooks (Eds.), Career choice and development: Applying contemporary theories to practice (2nd ed., pp. 197–262). Jossey-Bass.
  • TRC1 Level 2 Region the Current Situation Analysis, (2015). https://www.ika.org.tr/upload/yazilar/Mevcut-Durum-Analizi-533073.pdf
  • Tulgan, B. 2009. Not everyone gets a trophy: How to manage generation Y. Jossey-Bass
  • Turkish Statistics Institution (TUIK) (2018). Evlenme ve Boşanma İstatistikleri 2018 [Marriage and Divorce Statistics 2018]. http://tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=30698
  • Twenge, J. M., Campbell, S. M., Hoffman, B. J., & Lance, C. E. (2010). Generational differences in work values: Leisure and extrinsic values increasing, social and intrinsic values decreasing. Journal of Management, 36, 1117-1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309352246
  • Vietze, J., Juang, L., Schachner, M. K., & Werneck, H. (2018). Feeling half-half? Exploring relational variation of Turkish-heritage young adults' cultural identity compatibility and conflict in Austria. Identity, 18, 60–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/15283488.2017.1410159
  • Wentzel, K. R. (1998). Social support and adjustment in middle school: The role of parents, teachers, and peers. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 202–209. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.90.2.202
  • Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Young, R. A., Valach, L., Ball, J., Turkel, H., & Wong, Y. S. (2003). The family career development project in Chinese Canadian families. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 287–304.
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Nurten Karacan Özdemir 0000-0002-2909-6857

Yusuf Cihat As 0000-0001-5426-8457

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 7 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 14 Sayı: Ek 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Karacan Özdemir N, As YC. Career Values and Occupational Aspirations of Adolescents and Their Parents Aspire for the Future of Their Child. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Aralık 2022;14(Ek 1):215-225. doi:10.18863/pgy.1126173

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