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Inhibitory Effect of Some Plant Essential Oils against Corn Stalk Rot and Ear Rot

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 110 - 118, 06.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.54975/isubuzfd.1160923

Öz

Yield losses are experienced in corn fields due to stalk and ear rot disease. The fungicides used against the disease can not show the desired effect and the problem of resistance arises over time. For this reason, it is necessary to develop new strategies in the control against the disease. In this study, it was aim to determine the inhibitory effects of essential oils of rosemary, black cumin, cumin and sandalwood, and ginger against Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium pseudograminearum under in vitro conditions. The essential oils were applied in doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 µl mL-1. PDA medium free of essential oils was used as negative control and PDA medium containing commercial fungicide (80 g l-1 Triticonazole, 40 g l-1 Pyraclostrobin-BASF company) was used as positive control. The experiment was carried out in a randomized plot design with three replications. In addition, chemical content analysis of essential oils was determined by GC-MS method. As a result of the study, as the dose of rosemary, black cumin, sandalwood and ginger essential oils increased, their inhibitory effects against both pathogens increased, and these effects were found close to each other. While the highest inhibitory effect against F. verticillioides and F. pseudograminearum was detected in the positive control treatment of cumin essential oil, 82.1% and 78.9%, respectively, this effect was found to be 74.6% and 68.3% in 4 µl mL-1 dose, respectively. However, more detailed studies should be carried out with these essential oils under field conditions.

Teşekkür

The authors thanks to Agricultural Engineer Orhan BÜYÜK (General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies, Directorate of Plant Protection Central Research Institute) for kindly providing fungal isolate.

Kaynakça

  • Achimón, F., Brito, V. D., Pizzolitto, R. P., Ramirez Sanchez, A., Gómez, E. A., & Zygadlo, J. A. (2021). Chemical composition and antifungal properties of commercial essential oils against the maize phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Revista Argentina de Microbiologia, 53(4), 292-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2020.12.001
  • Aly Emam, M. S., Elsayed, T., & Hamed L. M. M. (2020). Sweet Corn Growth Performance and Rhizosphere Microbial Densities in Response to Mineral and Organic Amendments, Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 60(1),43-52. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSS.2019.19528.1324
  • Anonymous (2021). Bitki koruma ürünleri veri tabanı (BKU). Erişim adresi http://bku.tarim.gov.tr
  • Basım, E., & Basım, H. (2017). Antifungal effects of the essential oils of cumin, laurel and thyme against Mycogene perniciosa, a causal agent of wet bubble disease on cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. International Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Konya, Türkiye, 10 - 12 Mayıs 2017, ss.1839.
  • Benjilali, B., Tantadui-Elaraki, A., Ayadi, A., & Ihlal, M. (1984). Method to Study Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils: Application to the Antifungal Activity of Six Moroccan Essences. Journal of Food Protection, 47, 748-752. https://doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-47.10.748
  • Blandino, M., Reyneri, A., & Vanara, F. (2009). Effect of sowing time on toxigenic fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels. Journal of Phytopathology, 157, 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2008.01431.x
  • Bokaeian, M., Shiri, Y., Bazi, S., Saeidi, S., & Sahi Z. (2014). Antibacterial activities of Cuminum cyminum Linn. Essential Oil Against Multi-Drug resistant Escherichia coli. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1(1), e18739. https://doi: 10.17795/iji-18739
  • Bottalico, A. (1998). Fusarium Diseases of Cereals: Species Complex and Related Mycotoxin Profiles, in Europe. Journal of Plant Pathology, 80(2), 85-103.
  • Burgess, L. W., & Wayne, B. (2012). Fusarium: a ubiquitous fungus of global significance. Microbiology Australia, 33(1), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1071/MA12022
  • Castro, J. C., Pante, G. C., Centenaro, B. M., Almeida, R., Pilau, E. J., Dias Filho, B. P., Mossini, S., Abreu Filho, B. A., Matioli, G., & Machinski Junior, M. (2020). Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effects of Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon martini essential oils against Fusarium verticillioides. Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment, 37(9), 1531-1541. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2020.1778183
  • Chekali, S., Samia, G., Mediha, R., Paulitz, T., & Bouzid, N. (2016). Impacts of previous crops on Fusarium foot and root rot, and on yields of durum wheat in North West Tunisia. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 55, 253-261. https://doi.org/10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediterr-17933
  • Da Silva Bomfim, N., Nakassugi, L. P., Faggion Pinheiro Oliveira, J., Kohiyama, C. Y., Mossini, S., Grespan, R., Nerilo, S. B., Mallmann, C. A., Alves Abreu Filho, B., & Machinski, M. (2015). Antifungal activity and inhibition of fumonisin production by Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil in Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg. Food Chemistry, 166, 330-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.019
  • Desmond, O. J., Manners, J. M., Stephens, A. E., Maclean, D. J., Schenk, P. M., Gardiner, D. M., Munn, A. L., & Kazan, K. (2008). The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol elicits hydrogen peroxide production, programmed cell death and defence responses in wheat. Molecular Plant Pathology, 9(4), 435-445. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2008.00475.x
  • Dev, U., Devakumar, C., Mohan, J., & Agarwal, P. C. (2004). Antifungal activity of aroma chemicals against seed-borne fungi. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 16(5), 496-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2004.9698780
  • Edwards, S. G. (2004). Influence of agricultural practices on Fusarium infection of cereals and subsequent contamination of grain by trichothecene mycotoxins. Toxicology Letters, 153, 29-35. https://doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.022
  • Elgorban, A. M., Bahkali, A. H., El- Metwally, M. A., Elsheshtawi, M., & Abdel-Wahab, M. A. (2015). In vitro Antifungal Activity of Some Plant Essential Oils. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11, 56-61. https://doi: 10.29252/cmm.3.2.1
  • Fink-Gremmels, J. (1999). Mycotoxins: Their implications for human and animal health. Veterinary Quarterly, 21, 115-120. https://doi: 10.1080/01652176.1999.9695005
  • Foroud, N. A., Chatterton, S., Reid, L. M., Turkington, T. K., Tittlemier, S. A., & Gräfenhan, T. (2014). Fusarium Diseases of Canadian Grain Crops: Impact and Disease Management Strategies. In: Goyal, A., Manoharachary, C. (eds) Future Challenges in Crop Protection Against Fungal Pathogens. Fungal Biology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1188-2_10
  • Ghasemi, G., Fattahi, M., Alirezalu, A., & Ghosta, Y. (2018). Antioxidant and antifungal activities of a new chemovar of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Food Science and Biotechnology, 28(3), 669-677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-018-0506-y
  • Goertz, A., Zuehlke, S., Spiteller, M., Steiner, U., Dehne, H. W., Waalwijk, C., de Vries, I., & Oerke, E. C. (2010). Fusarium species and mycotoxin profiles on commercial maize hybrids in Germany. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 128, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9634-9A
  • Gurdaswani, V., & Ghag, S. B. (2020). Chapter 2 - Toxins from Fusarium species and their role in animal and plant diseases. New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering Recent Advances in Application of Fungi and Fungal Metabolites: Applications in Healthcare, 7-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821006-2.00002-9
  • İşcan, G. (2002). Umbelliferae familyasına ait bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin araştırılması. (MSc Thesis), Anadolu University, The Institute of Natural Sciences, Eskişehir, Turkey.
  • Khosravi, A. R., Shokri, H., & Mokhtari, A. R. (2015). Efficacy of Cuminum cyminum essential oil on FUM1 gene expression of fumonisin-producing Fusarium verticillioides strains. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 5(1), 34-42.
  • Kırtok, Y. (1998). Mısır Üretim ve Kullanımı. Kocaoluk Basın ve Yayınevi, s. 445, İstanbul.
  • Klopfenstein, T. J., Erickson, G. E., & Berger, L. (2013). Maize is a critically important source of food, feed, energy and forage in the USA. Field Crops Research, 153, 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.11.006
  • Mahmoudvand, H., Sepahvand, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Ezatpour, B., & Ayatollahi Mousavi, S. A. (2014). Evaluation of antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa and its main component, thymoquinone against pathogenic dermatophyte strains. Journal de Mycologie Medicale, 24(4), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.06.048
  • Miadener, T., Bolduan, C., & Melchinger, A. E. (2010). Aggressiveness and mycotoxin production of eight isolates each of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides for ear rot on susceptible and resistant early maize inbred lines. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 127, 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1065 8-009-9576-2T
  • Miller, J.D. (1994). Epidemiology of Fusarium ear diseases of cereals. In Mycotoxins in grain: compounds other than Aflatoxin. Edited by J.D. Miller and H.L. Trenholm. Eagan Pres, St. Paul, Minn., 19-35.
  • Morcia, C., Malnati, M., & Terzi, V. (2012). In vitro antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol, eugenol, carvone, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and thymol against mycotoxigenic plant pathogens. Food Additives & Contaminants, 29(3): 415-422. https://doi: 10.1080/19440049.2011.643458
  • Mukanga, M., Derera, J., Tongoona, P., & Laing, M. D. (2010). A survey of pre-harvest ear rot dieases of maize and associated mycotoxins in South and central Zambia. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 141: 213-221. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.05.011
  • Munkvold, G. P. (2001). Ear rot and mold problems. Integrated Crop Management, 486(23), 183-184.
  • Naz, H. (2011). Nigella sativa: the miraculous herb. Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44(1), 44-48.
  • Nazzaro, F., Fratianni, F., Coppola, R., & Feo, V. (2017). Essential Oils and Antifungal Activity. Pharmaceuticals, 10(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph10040086
  • Omidbeygi, M., Barzegar M., Hamidi, Z., & Naghdibadi, H. (2007). Antifungal activity of thyme, summer savory and clove essential oils against Aspergillus flavus in liquid medium and tomato paste. Food Control, 18, 1518-1523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2006.12.003
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Bazı Bitkisel Uçucu Yağların Mısır Sap ve Koçan Çürüklüğüne Karşı Engelleyici Etkisi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2, 110 - 118, 06.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.54975/isubuzfd.1160923

Öz

Mısır ekim alanlarında sap ve koçan çürüklüğü hastalığı sebebiyle verim kayıpları yaşanmaktadır. Hastalığa karşı kullanılan fungisitler istenilen etkiyi gösterememekte ve zamanla dayanıklılık sorunu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sebeple hastalığa karşı mücadelede yeni stratejilerin geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. ,Çalışmada in vitro koşullarda biberiye, çörekotu, kimyon, sandal ağacı ve zencefi uçucu yağlarının mısırda Fusarium verticillioides ve Fusarium pseudograminearum’a karşı engelleyici etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Uçucu yağlar 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 ve 4 µl mL-1’lik dozlarda uygulanmıştır. Uçucu yağlardan ari PDA besiyeri negatif kontrol, ticari fungisit (80 g l-1 Triticonazole, 40 g l-1 Pyraclostrobin-BASF company) içeren PDA besiyeri ise pozitif kontrol olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf parselleri deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Ayrıca uçucu yağların kimyasal içerik analizi GC-MS metodu ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, biberiye, çörek otu, sandal ağacı ve zencefil uçucu yağlarının dozu arttıkça her iki patojene karşı engelleyici etkileri artmış ve bu etkiler birbirlerine yakın bulunmuştur. F. verticillioides ve F. pseudograminearum’a karşı en yüksek engelleyici etki kimyon uçucu yağının pozitif kontrol uygulamasında sırasıyla %82.1 ve %78.9 oranında saptanırken, bu etki 4 µl mL-1 dozunda sırasıyla %74.6 ve %68.3 olarak saptanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, bu uçucu yağlar ile tarla şartlarında daha detaylı çalışmaların yürütülmesi gerekmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Achimón, F., Brito, V. D., Pizzolitto, R. P., Ramirez Sanchez, A., Gómez, E. A., & Zygadlo, J. A. (2021). Chemical composition and antifungal properties of commercial essential oils against the maize phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Revista Argentina de Microbiologia, 53(4), 292-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2020.12.001
  • Aly Emam, M. S., Elsayed, T., & Hamed L. M. M. (2020). Sweet Corn Growth Performance and Rhizosphere Microbial Densities in Response to Mineral and Organic Amendments, Egyptian Journal of Soil Science, 60(1),43-52. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSS.2019.19528.1324
  • Anonymous (2021). Bitki koruma ürünleri veri tabanı (BKU). Erişim adresi http://bku.tarim.gov.tr
  • Basım, E., & Basım, H. (2017). Antifungal effects of the essential oils of cumin, laurel and thyme against Mycogene perniciosa, a causal agent of wet bubble disease on cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Sing. International Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Konya, Türkiye, 10 - 12 Mayıs 2017, ss.1839.
  • Benjilali, B., Tantadui-Elaraki, A., Ayadi, A., & Ihlal, M. (1984). Method to Study Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils: Application to the Antifungal Activity of Six Moroccan Essences. Journal of Food Protection, 47, 748-752. https://doi: 10.4315/0362-028X-47.10.748
  • Blandino, M., Reyneri, A., & Vanara, F. (2009). Effect of sowing time on toxigenic fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination of maize kernels. Journal of Phytopathology, 157, 7-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2008.01431.x
  • Bokaeian, M., Shiri, Y., Bazi, S., Saeidi, S., & Sahi Z. (2014). Antibacterial activities of Cuminum cyminum Linn. Essential Oil Against Multi-Drug resistant Escherichia coli. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1(1), e18739. https://doi: 10.17795/iji-18739
  • Bottalico, A. (1998). Fusarium Diseases of Cereals: Species Complex and Related Mycotoxin Profiles, in Europe. Journal of Plant Pathology, 80(2), 85-103.
  • Burgess, L. W., & Wayne, B. (2012). Fusarium: a ubiquitous fungus of global significance. Microbiology Australia, 33(1), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1071/MA12022
  • Castro, J. C., Pante, G. C., Centenaro, B. M., Almeida, R., Pilau, E. J., Dias Filho, B. P., Mossini, S., Abreu Filho, B. A., Matioli, G., & Machinski Junior, M. (2020). Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effects of Zingiber officinale, Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cymbopogon martini essential oils against Fusarium verticillioides. Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment, 37(9), 1531-1541. https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2020.1778183
  • Chekali, S., Samia, G., Mediha, R., Paulitz, T., & Bouzid, N. (2016). Impacts of previous crops on Fusarium foot and root rot, and on yields of durum wheat in North West Tunisia. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 55, 253-261. https://doi.org/10.14601/Phytopathol_Mediterr-17933
  • Da Silva Bomfim, N., Nakassugi, L. P., Faggion Pinheiro Oliveira, J., Kohiyama, C. Y., Mossini, S., Grespan, R., Nerilo, S. B., Mallmann, C. A., Alves Abreu Filho, B., & Machinski, M. (2015). Antifungal activity and inhibition of fumonisin production by Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil in Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg. Food Chemistry, 166, 330-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.019
  • Desmond, O. J., Manners, J. M., Stephens, A. E., Maclean, D. J., Schenk, P. M., Gardiner, D. M., Munn, A. L., & Kazan, K. (2008). The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol elicits hydrogen peroxide production, programmed cell death and defence responses in wheat. Molecular Plant Pathology, 9(4), 435-445. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2008.00475.x
  • Dev, U., Devakumar, C., Mohan, J., & Agarwal, P. C. (2004). Antifungal activity of aroma chemicals against seed-borne fungi. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 16(5), 496-499. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2004.9698780
  • Edwards, S. G. (2004). Influence of agricultural practices on Fusarium infection of cereals and subsequent contamination of grain by trichothecene mycotoxins. Toxicology Letters, 153, 29-35. https://doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.04.022
  • Elgorban, A. M., Bahkali, A. H., El- Metwally, M. A., Elsheshtawi, M., & Abdel-Wahab, M. A. (2015). In vitro Antifungal Activity of Some Plant Essential Oils. International Journal of Pharmacology, 11, 56-61. https://doi: 10.29252/cmm.3.2.1
  • Fink-Gremmels, J. (1999). Mycotoxins: Their implications for human and animal health. Veterinary Quarterly, 21, 115-120. https://doi: 10.1080/01652176.1999.9695005
  • Foroud, N. A., Chatterton, S., Reid, L. M., Turkington, T. K., Tittlemier, S. A., & Gräfenhan, T. (2014). Fusarium Diseases of Canadian Grain Crops: Impact and Disease Management Strategies. In: Goyal, A., Manoharachary, C. (eds) Future Challenges in Crop Protection Against Fungal Pathogens. Fungal Biology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1188-2_10
  • Ghasemi, G., Fattahi, M., Alirezalu, A., & Ghosta, Y. (2018). Antioxidant and antifungal activities of a new chemovar of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Food Science and Biotechnology, 28(3), 669-677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-018-0506-y
  • Goertz, A., Zuehlke, S., Spiteller, M., Steiner, U., Dehne, H. W., Waalwijk, C., de Vries, I., & Oerke, E. C. (2010). Fusarium species and mycotoxin profiles on commercial maize hybrids in Germany. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 128, 101-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9634-9A
  • Gurdaswani, V., & Ghag, S. B. (2020). Chapter 2 - Toxins from Fusarium species and their role in animal and plant diseases. New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering Recent Advances in Application of Fungi and Fungal Metabolites: Applications in Healthcare, 7-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821006-2.00002-9
  • İşcan, G. (2002). Umbelliferae familyasına ait bazı bitki uçucu yağlarının antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin araştırılması. (MSc Thesis), Anadolu University, The Institute of Natural Sciences, Eskişehir, Turkey.
  • Khosravi, A. R., Shokri, H., & Mokhtari, A. R. (2015). Efficacy of Cuminum cyminum essential oil on FUM1 gene expression of fumonisin-producing Fusarium verticillioides strains. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 5(1), 34-42.
  • Kırtok, Y. (1998). Mısır Üretim ve Kullanımı. Kocaoluk Basın ve Yayınevi, s. 445, İstanbul.
  • Klopfenstein, T. J., Erickson, G. E., & Berger, L. (2013). Maize is a critically important source of food, feed, energy and forage in the USA. Field Crops Research, 153, 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.11.006
  • Mahmoudvand, H., Sepahvand, A., Jahanbakhsh, S., Ezatpour, B., & Ayatollahi Mousavi, S. A. (2014). Evaluation of antifungal activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Nigella sativa and its main component, thymoquinone against pathogenic dermatophyte strains. Journal de Mycologie Medicale, 24(4), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2014.06.048
  • Miadener, T., Bolduan, C., & Melchinger, A. E. (2010). Aggressiveness and mycotoxin production of eight isolates each of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides for ear rot on susceptible and resistant early maize inbred lines. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 127, 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1065 8-009-9576-2T
  • Miller, J.D. (1994). Epidemiology of Fusarium ear diseases of cereals. In Mycotoxins in grain: compounds other than Aflatoxin. Edited by J.D. Miller and H.L. Trenholm. Eagan Pres, St. Paul, Minn., 19-35.
  • Morcia, C., Malnati, M., & Terzi, V. (2012). In vitro antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol, eugenol, carvone, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and thymol against mycotoxigenic plant pathogens. Food Additives & Contaminants, 29(3): 415-422. https://doi: 10.1080/19440049.2011.643458
  • Mukanga, M., Derera, J., Tongoona, P., & Laing, M. D. (2010). A survey of pre-harvest ear rot dieases of maize and associated mycotoxins in South and central Zambia. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 141: 213-221. https://doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.05.011
  • Munkvold, G. P. (2001). Ear rot and mold problems. Integrated Crop Management, 486(23), 183-184.
  • Naz, H. (2011). Nigella sativa: the miraculous herb. Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44(1), 44-48.
  • Nazzaro, F., Fratianni, F., Coppola, R., & Feo, V. (2017). Essential Oils and Antifungal Activity. Pharmaceuticals, 10(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph10040086
  • Omidbeygi, M., Barzegar M., Hamidi, Z., & Naghdibadi, H. (2007). Antifungal activity of thyme, summer savory and clove essential oils against Aspergillus flavus in liquid medium and tomato paste. Food Control, 18, 1518-1523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2006.12.003
  • Ozcan, M. M., & Chalchat, J. C. (2008). Chemical composition and antifungal activity of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) oil from Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 59(7-8), 691-698. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480701777944
  • Peng, Y., Li, S. J., Yan, J., Tang, Y., Cheng, J. P., Gao, A. J., Yao, X., Ruan, J. J., & Xu, B. L. (2021). Research Progress on Phytopathogenic Fungi and Their Role as Biocontrol Agents. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 670135. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.670135
  • Raut, N., Al-Balushi, T., Panwar, S., Vaidya, R. S., & Shinde, G. B. (2015). Microalgal Biofuel. In (Ed.), Biofuels - Status and Perspective. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/59821
  • Sağlan, Z., Ceylan, Y., Çelik Turgut, G., & Erdogan, O. (2022). Antifungal Effect of Some Plant Essential Oils against Verticillium Wilt (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) in Cotton. Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 9(7), 55-65.
  • Semiz, G., Çelik, G., Gönen, E., & Semiz, A. (2016). Essential oil composition, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of endemic Teucrium alyssifolium Staph. (Lamiaceae). Natural Product Research, 30(19), 2225-2229. https://doi: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1149703
  • Shah, T. R., Prasad, K., Kumar, P., & Yildiz, F. (2016). Maize-A potential source of human nutrition and health: A review. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 2(1), 1166995. https://doi: 10.1080/23311932.2016.1166995
  • Someshwar, B., Aadhar, M., & Mitesh P. (2018). Maize Yarn Production from Fabricated Equipment, Spin Clinic, 12, 44-51.
  • Temur, C., & Tiryaki, O. (2012). Combination of Irradiation and Sodium Carbonate to Control Postharvest Penicillium Decay of Apples. The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology, 42(1-2-3), 47-56.
  • Tiru, Z., Mandal, P., Chakraborty, A. P., Pal, A., & Sadhukhan, S. (2021). Fusarium Disease of Maize and Its Management through Sustainable Approach. In (Ed.), Fusarium-An Overview of the Genus. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100575
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI), (2021). Agricultural Statistic Data. Erişim adresi http://www.tuik.gov.tr
  • Yeşil Çeliktaş, O., Hames Kocabaş, E. E., Bedir, E., Vardar Sukan, F., Özek, T., & Baser, K. H. C. (2007). Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts and essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis, depending on location and seasonal variations. Food Chemistry, 100, 553-559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.10.011
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştıma
Yazarlar

Yağmur Ceylan 0000-0002-2452-7873

Zehra Sağlan 0000-0001-5990-4213

Gurbet Çelik Turgut 0000-0002-2306-6972

Oktay Erdoğan 0000-0003-1466-3035

Yayımlanma Tarihi 6 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ağustos 2022
Kabul Tarihi 1 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ceylan, Y., Sağlan, Z., Çelik Turgut, G., Erdoğan, O. (2022). Inhibitory Effect of Some Plant Essential Oils against Corn Stalk Rot and Ear Rot. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 110-118. https://doi.org/10.54975/isubuzfd.1160923